首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
When you run your hands through your lover’s hair, you’re probably not thinking about your place in the social hierarchy. Give y
When you run your hands through your lover’s hair, you’re probably not thinking about your place in the social hierarchy. Give y
admin
2017-04-28
27
问题
When you run your hands through your lover’s hair, you’re probably not thinking about your place in the social hierarchy. Give your team-mate or colleague a pat on the back after a setback, and the chances are you’re not consciously seeking to change the mix of signalling chemicals in their brain. It may not seem like it, but these socially important rituals and others like them predate the time our species first walked the African continent.
Human behaviours that involve physical social contact have a lot more in common with social grooming activities we typically associate with other species than we might initially think. When rhesus monkeys(恒河猴)or chimpanzees pick through their friends’ fur, they’re not just helping them remove dirt from hard to reach spots. There is undoubtedly a hygienic benefit, but this behaviour, which animal behaviour researchers call "allogrooming", has far greater significance.
For example, one chimpanzee is more likely to share food with another that has previously groomed it. Grooming also serves to ease tensions in a chimp troop following an aggressive situation. One of the most complex forms of reconciliation among chimpanzees occurs when two rival males reach a point of stalemate, neither backing down nor escalating the aggressive interaction. Sometimes, a female breaks the deadlock and eases the tension by grooming first one male, and then the other, until the two become relaxed enough to end what amounted to an angry staring contest.
According to anthropologist Robin Dunbar, this works because grooming stimulates the release of endorphins(内啡肽)—opiates produced by the brain that trigger feelings of relaxation by lowering the heart rate, reducing overt nervous behaviours like scratching, and even bringing on sleep. Female chimps that use grooming as a peacekeeping strategy may also experience their own rush of endorphins and enjoy many of the same benefits.
Humans, lacking the fur of our more hirsute evolutionary cousins, had to find a replacement for allogrooming. Like grooming, gossip establishes and maintains our place in the social hierarchy. Also like grooming, the social information that makes up gossip is itself a form of currency in human culture. Or, at least, that’s the theory put forward by Dunbar. He argued, in his book Grooming, Gossip and the Evolution of Language, that the faculty of language allowed our species to substitute gossip for grooming.
What is the function of examples listed in paragraph 1?
选项
A、When you run your hands through your lover’s hair, you’re probably not thinking about your place in the social hierarchy.
B、It tells us grooming is a kind of social activity and what is going to explain in the upcoming paragraphs.
C、These socially important rituals and others like them predate the time our species first walked the African continent.
D、It reflects what the author thinks about human beings and explains the reasons why men are willing to groom others.
答案
B
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/kci7777K
0
大学英语四级
相关试题推荐
Somepeopleborrowmoneyand"forget"topayitback.Largeloansareseldomtheissue:theyareusuallytreatedasbusiness
Somepeopleborrowmoneyand"forget"topayitback.Largeloansareseldomtheissue:theyareusuallytreatedasbusiness
A、Appetiteisthehighestwhensleeping.B、Peoplewillspendlesstimeeatingfood.C、Thebodyneedstorelaxafterexercise.D、
A、Itisanoldandclassicmovie.B、Itispopularwithmostpeople.C、Peoplehavedifferentopinionsaboutit.D、Hedecidestos
A、Theyareloyaltopeople.B、Theyarecuteandfurry.C、Theyarequietandclean.D、Theycanprotectpeople.A
Britishairisfarcleanerthanitwasafewdecadesago.Fewerpeopleusecoal-burningstoves:oldindustrialplantshavebeen
Ifyouareayoungcollegestudent,mostofyour【B1】______aboutyourhealthandhappinessinlifeareprobably【B2】______thepr
Ifyouareayoungcollegestudent,mostofyour【B1】______aboutyourhealthandhappinessinlifeareprobably【B2】______thepr
PeopleworldwidecelebrateNewYearindifferentways.InLatinAmerica,peopleexpresstheirhopesthroughthecoloroftheiru
随机试题
担任电子商务物流和配送任务的网络是
______itornot,hisdiscoveryhascreatedastirinscientificcircles.
某肝癌患者病情已到晚期,处于极度痛苦之中,自认为是肝硬化,寄希望于治疗,病情进展和疼痛发作时,多次要求医生给予明确说法和治疗措施。此时,医生最佳的伦理选择应该是
在建设工程施工阶段,属于监理工程师投资控制的任务是( )。
美元作为黄金的主要标价货币,假定金价保持在945美元/盎司不变,当欧元和美元的比例为1:1.5869时,欧洲金价是( )欧元/盎司。
某厂开发的新产品——气功激发仪,在某商场柜台摆放了3个月无人问津。忽然有一天该商品被顾客抢购了198个。产品由滞转畅的原因是,推销员不仅向顾客介绍商品的性能,而且现场进行表演,在一位患肩周炎的老人身上具体示范。奇迹发生了,当即这位老人的胳膊不仅能抬起,而且
圆珠笔(签字笔、中性笔)是我们很熟悉的书写工具。在设计制造时,笔芯内的油墨量与金属笔嘴的寿命存在科学的对应关系,且笔芯上端通常都留有一小孔。关于这些设计的说法不正确的是:
2011年全国农民工总量达到25278万人,增长4.4%。从就业地点看,在直辖市务工的占10.3%,在省会城市务工的占20.5%,在地级市务工的占33.9%,在地级以上大中城市务工的农民工比上年提高1.7个百分点。外出农民工月均工资2049元,增长21.2
《香港船头货价纸》
Afour-yearcollegedegree,seenforgenerationsasatickettoabetterlife,is【C1】______enoughtoguaranteeasteadilyrising
最新回复
(
0
)