首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
When you run your hands through your lover’s hair, you’re probably not thinking about your place in the social hierarchy. Give y
When you run your hands through your lover’s hair, you’re probably not thinking about your place in the social hierarchy. Give y
admin
2017-04-28
25
问题
When you run your hands through your lover’s hair, you’re probably not thinking about your place in the social hierarchy. Give your team-mate or colleague a pat on the back after a setback, and the chances are you’re not consciously seeking to change the mix of signalling chemicals in their brain. It may not seem like it, but these socially important rituals and others like them predate the time our species first walked the African continent.
Human behaviours that involve physical social contact have a lot more in common with social grooming activities we typically associate with other species than we might initially think. When rhesus monkeys(恒河猴)or chimpanzees pick through their friends’ fur, they’re not just helping them remove dirt from hard to reach spots. There is undoubtedly a hygienic benefit, but this behaviour, which animal behaviour researchers call "allogrooming", has far greater significance.
For example, one chimpanzee is more likely to share food with another that has previously groomed it. Grooming also serves to ease tensions in a chimp troop following an aggressive situation. One of the most complex forms of reconciliation among chimpanzees occurs when two rival males reach a point of stalemate, neither backing down nor escalating the aggressive interaction. Sometimes, a female breaks the deadlock and eases the tension by grooming first one male, and then the other, until the two become relaxed enough to end what amounted to an angry staring contest.
According to anthropologist Robin Dunbar, this works because grooming stimulates the release of endorphins(内啡肽)—opiates produced by the brain that trigger feelings of relaxation by lowering the heart rate, reducing overt nervous behaviours like scratching, and even bringing on sleep. Female chimps that use grooming as a peacekeeping strategy may also experience their own rush of endorphins and enjoy many of the same benefits.
Humans, lacking the fur of our more hirsute evolutionary cousins, had to find a replacement for allogrooming. Like grooming, gossip establishes and maintains our place in the social hierarchy. Also like grooming, the social information that makes up gossip is itself a form of currency in human culture. Or, at least, that’s the theory put forward by Dunbar. He argued, in his book Grooming, Gossip and the Evolution of Language, that the faculty of language allowed our species to substitute gossip for grooming.
What is the function of examples listed in paragraph 1?
选项
A、When you run your hands through your lover’s hair, you’re probably not thinking about your place in the social hierarchy.
B、It tells us grooming is a kind of social activity and what is going to explain in the upcoming paragraphs.
C、These socially important rituals and others like them predate the time our species first walked the African continent.
D、It reflects what the author thinks about human beings and explains the reasons why men are willing to groom others.
答案
B
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/kci7777K
0
大学英语四级
相关试题推荐
Somepeopleborrowmoneyand"forget"topayitback.Largeloansareseldomtheissue:theyareusuallytreatedasbusiness
Somepeopleborrowmoneyand"forget"topayitback.Largeloansareseldomtheissue:theyareusuallytreatedasbusiness
Somepeopleborrowmoneyand"forget"topayitback.Largeloansareseldomtheissue:theyareusuallytreatedasbusiness
A、Theyarenaturalandhealthyfood.B、Theyhelppeopleloseweight.C、Theyarelowestincalories.D、Theyarepopularwithmost
A、Peoplewithstressprefertolistentomusic.B、Peoplecanreleasestressbylisteningtomusic.C、Peoplewhodon’tlistento
A、Estherdoesn’tliketheprivateschool.B、EstherlikestalkingwithpeoplealotC、Estherismuchbetterthanexpected.D、Esth
A、Televisionshavegotwires.B、Broadcasttelevisionusespublicairwaves.C、Cabletelevisionhasgainedpopularity.D、Televisio
AnewstudyfromtheUniversityofNewSouthWaleshasdiscoveredthatduringtheworkingweek,Australianfathersonlyspendan
Ifyouareayoungcollegestudent,mostofyour【B1】______aboutyourhealthandhappinessinlifeareprobably【B2】______thepr
Ifyouareayoungcollegestudent,mostofyour【B1】______aboutyourhealthandhappinessinlifeareprobably【B2】______thepr
随机试题
生理性甲状腺肿
女,18岁。因右下后牙有洞要求充填。检查发现6丨牙合面龋。病变组织颜色较浅,易挖除,这种龋齿称为
A.心脑血管疾病B.急性肾炎C.上呼吸道感染D.乙型肝炎E.重大传染病疫情属于慢性非传染性疾病的是
肾病综合征患儿,应用免疫抑制剂时,白细胞下降需停药的指征是
A.维生素A醋酸酯B.维生素B1C.维生素K3D.维生素B2E.维生素B6用于治疗唇炎、舌炎、脂溢性皮炎等的是()。
某工程有两个备选施工方案:采用方案一时,固定成本为160万元,与工期有关的费用为35万元/月;采用方案二时,固定成本为200万元,与工期有关的费用为25万元1/月。两方案除方案一机械台班消耗以外的直接工程费相关数据见下表。为了确定方案一的机械台班消耗
异质型人力资本是指某个特定历史阶段中具有边际收益递增生产力形态的人力资本,表现为拥有者所具有的独特能力,这些能力主要包括:综合协调能力、判断决策能力、学习创新能力和承担风险能力等。根据上述定义,下列不涉及异质型人力资本的是:
以下叙述中正确的是()。
在考生文件央下有一个数据库文件“samp3.accdb”,其中存在设计好的表对象“tStud”和查询对象“qStud”,同时还设计出以“qStud”为数据源的报表对象“rStud”。请在此基础上按照以下要求补充报表设计。(1)在报表的报表页眉节区
A、Theyfoughtwiththeothermice.B、Theystayedclosetotheirmothers.C、Theyranbackandforthconstantly.D、Theyremainedc
最新回复
(
0
)