2. 外语
  3. A university student in Nairobi, Kenya, was stopped for a traffic violation the other day. The policeman took out his ticket boo

A university student in Nairobi, Kenya, was stopped for a traffic violation the other day. The policeman took out his ticket boo

admin2010-07-06  58
问题      A university student in Nairobi, Kenya, was stopped for a traffic violation the other day. The policeman took out his ticket book and asked," What tribe are you?." In Lusaka, Zambia, a young man applying for a job was told to see the manager. He leaned over the receptionist’s desk and asked," What tribe is he? "When the receptionist told him that the manager was a Mashona, the applicant replied," Then I’ll never get the job."
     This phenomenon is called tribalism. There are more than 2, 000 tribes in black Africa. Each has its own language, customs, names, and physical characteristics that make its members almost immediately recognizable to a person from another tribe. To the Westerner, tribalism is one of the most difficult of African customs to understand. It makes many people think of savagery, warfare, or old fashioned customs.
     However, to most Africans ,tribalism simply means very strong loyalty to one’s ethnic group. It is a force that can be both good and bad. By definition, tribalism means sharing among members of the extended family. It makes sure that a person is taken care of by his own group. To give a job to
a fellow tribesman is not wrong; it is an obligation. Similarly, for a politician or military leader, it is considered a good common sense to choose his closest advisers from people of his own tribe. This ensures security, continuity, and authority. Tribal loyalty may mean a quick promotion —from sergeant to captain, from clerk to manager—within a very short time.
      Modern African politicians publicly speak out against tribal divisions. Yet it remains perhaps the most powerful force in day-to-day African life. As evidence of tribalism, in 1977 in Kenya, President Jomo Kenyatta’s Kikuyu tribe controlled business and politics. Eight of the 21 cabinet posts, including the most important four, were filled by Kikuyus. In Uganda in tile same year, the President’s small Kakwa tribe filled almost all the highest government and military positions. In Angola, Ethiopia, and Nigeria, the fighting in the past ten years can be partly explained by disagreements among tribes.
     One country that has largely avoided tribal problems is Tanzania. Some observers say this is partly because Tanzania has so many tribes( about 120).that none has been able to become a major force.
in paragraph 4, how many examples are there" as evidence of tribalism"?
选项 A、Three.
B、Two.
C、One.
D、Four.
答案A
解析 这一段共举了3个例子，分别是：在肯尼亚，政治经济被同一部落的成员所控制；在乌干达，政府的高级要员同属于一个部落；安哥拉、埃塞俄比亚和尼日利亚之间的混战在一定程度上也是由于部落之间的分歧。
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