A、Personal instincts. B、Behavioral changes. C、Conversation videos. D、Psychological researches. BBrinke博士的调查指出，运用一些客观、有理有据的生理和行为变

How many people have you spoken with today? Chances are that most of them lied to you—and that they did it more than once. It’s a hard fact to accept, but even your closest friends and coworkers lie to you regularly.
    University of Massachusetts psychologist Robert Feldman has studied lying for more than a decade, and his research has reached some startling conclusions. Most shocking is that 60% of people lie during a typical 10-minute conversation and that they average two to three lies during that short time.
    Most of the people in Feldman’s studies don’t even realize all of the lies they have told until after the conversation when it was played back to them on video.
    New research by Dr. Leanne ten Brinke at the Haas School of Business suggests that, while most of us have pretty good instincts when it comes to recognizing liars, we tend to talk ourselves out of believing what our instincts are telling us. We hesitate to call liars out in professional environments because we feel guilty for being suspicious. Calling someone a liar for no good reason is a frightening proposition for most.
    Thankfully, Dr. Brinke’s research points to objective, well-documented physiological and behavioral changes that we can use to make accurate assessments of other people’s truthfulness.
    Keep an eye out for the following signs, and you won’t be taken advantage of by a liar.
    They cover their mouths. A hand on the mouth or even a touch of the lips shows you that they are lying because this unconscious body language represents a closing off of communication. When lying, people also instinctively cover vulnerable body parts, such as the head or neck, because lying makes them feel exposed, vulnerable, and open to attack.
    They repeat themselves and provide too much detail, liars hate silence, so they often try to fill it up by talking more than they need to. They provide far more information than was needed or asked for. Sometimes the longer you stay quiet the more details liars will throw in to support their story as they try to convince you and themselves of their cheating.
    They prepare for an escape. In an unconscious attempt to find an escape route, people who are lying often angle their bodies towards the door if they’re sitting, and if they’re standing, they may even move closer to the door.
23. What is the shocking conclusion of Robert Feldman ’s study?
24. What can be used to assess people’s truthfulness according to Dr. Brinke’s research?
25. What will liars react if the listener keeps staying quiet?