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  3. The Type A behavior is characterized by strong ambition, competitiveness, and a sense of time urgency. Type A’s tended to be eng

The Type A behavior is characterized by strong ambition, competitiveness, and a sense of time urgency. Type A’s tended to be eng

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问题      The Type A behavior is characterized by strong ambition, competitiveness, and a sense of time urgency. Type A’s tended to be engaged in a perpetual attempt to achieve as much as possible in the least time even though their goals were often unrealistic. Persons With these traits tend to have a significantly high rate of heart problems, and the standard risk factors of smoking and high blood pressure are significantly higher in Type A’s.
     The most extensive attempt to modify Type A behavioral patterns has been carded out in the San Francisco Bay area, where 600 men who have suffered heart attacks are participating in an ongoing study. The treatment consists of a variety of approaches which are intended to modify both the perception of stress and the reaction to stress.
     Subjects have been taught to observe their own behavior to change and manage their thinking a bout once-stressful occurrences, making them neutral by interpreting them in ways that do not evoke stress. Thus instead of fuming about the time they are wasting in a traffic jam, Type A’s ought to think about the opportunity to think over their day’s activities. They also have been told to adopt new, relaxing hobbies that are entirely separate from their careers, and they are learning procedures that will al low them to modify their physiological reactions through such techniques as deep muscle relaxation and learning to slow down physical activity.
     Still, there is no definitive evidence to date showing that reductions in Type A characteristics result invariably in a decrease in heart disease risk. Moreover, it is unclear just which aspect of Type A behavior is the crucial one, or whether it is a complex of several behaviors, all part of the Type A pat tern ,that is associated with the increased risk. In other words ,we still do not know specifically what it is about Type A behaviors that leads to heart problems, and until we do, programs that attempt to de crease the risk must use relatively expensive and time-consuming procedures, modifying essentially all manifestations of the Type A pattern. Moreover, programs which emphasize the importance of work and achievement. For these reasons, treatment programs that are designed to alter Type A behaviors may be facing an uphill battle.
     Despite the difficulty in implementing treatment programs to reduce the Type A behavior pattern, such attempts illustrate quite clearly the role that social psychologists can play in the treatment of health problems.
What is the attitude of the author towards the Type A behavior?
选项 A、Optimistic.
B、Worried.
C、Unrealistic.
D、Indifferent.
答案B
解析 文章第一段在介绍了具有A型血的人的行为模式特点之后，指出具有这种性格特征的人有较高的风险患心脏病、高血压等疾病。接下来第二段又介绍了如何调整这种性格特征的研究正在进行中，以及下文介绍了一些方法。这都说明，作者认为对这种性格特征所可能引发的疾病表示担忧，并想通过此文使人们学会调节这种性格特征。A、C和 D都不是作者对A型血的人的行为模式的看法。
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