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Franklin D.Roosevelt was the thirty-second president in America history. Franklin Roosevelt was born in 1882 at Hyde Park, New York. He attended Harvard University and Columbia Law School. In 1905, he married Eleanor Roosevelt. Franklin Roosevelt entered public service through politics, but as a democrat. He won election to the New York Senate in 1910. President Wilsoll appointed him assistant secretary of the navy, and he was the Democratic nominee for Vice President in 1920.
    In the summer of 1921, when he was 39, he was stricken with poliomyelitis. Demonstrating indomitable courage, he fought to regain the use of his legs, particularly through swimming.
    Roosevelt was elected president in November 1932. When he took the presidential oath, the banking and credit system of the nation was in a state of paralysis. By March there were 13,000,000 unemployed, and almost every bank was closed. At the depth of the Great Depression, the new President brought an air of cheerful confidence that quickly rallied the people to his banner. Be- fore long, the complex of reforms known as the New Deal was well on its way. He brought hope as he promised prompt, vigorous action, and asserted in his Inaugural Address, "the only thing we have to fear is fear itself."
    During the entire New Deal period, despite its speed in decision and execution, public criticism was never interrupted or suspended; in fact, the New Deal brought to the individual citizen a sharp revival of interest in government and brought recovery to business and agriculture and relief to the unemployed. With astonishing rapidity the banks were reopened, and a policy of moderate currency inflation was adopted in order to start an upward movement in commodity prices and to afford some relief to debtors. New governmental agencies brought generous credit facilities to industry and agriculture. Savings bank deposits up to $5,000 were insured, and severe regulations were imposed upon the sale of securities and the stock exchanges. In agriculture, far-reaching reforms were instituted. Congress passed a more effective Farm-Relief Act, providing that the government makes money payment to farmers who would devote part of their land to soil-con- serving crops or otherwise cooperate in long-range agricultural goals. By 1940, nearly six million farmers were receiving federal subsidies under this program.
    New Deal efforts were carried on, generally, against vehement criticism, not only from the Republican Party but often from within the Democratic Party itself. Nevertheless, in the 1936 election, Roosevelt won all even more decisive victory over his republican opponent -- governor Alfred E. Landon of Kansas than in 1932. The 1940 Presidential election yield another majority for Roosevelt. For the first time in American history, a President was elected to a third term.
    When the Japanese attached Pearl Harbor in December 1941, Roosevelt directed organization of the Nation’s manpower and resources for global war.
    Feeling that the future peace of the world would depend upon relations between the United States and Russia, he devoted much thought to the planning of a United Nations, in which, he hoped, international difficulties could be settled.
    As the war drew to a close, Roosevelt’s health deteriorated. And on April 12, 1945, while at warm Springs, Georgia, he died of a cerebral hemorrhage.