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  3. Although there are body languages that can cross cultural boundaries, culture is still a significant factor in all body language

Although there are body languages that can cross cultural boundaries, culture is still a significant factor in all body language

admin2022-06-29  31
问题     Although there are body languages that can cross cultural boundaries, culture is still a significant factor in all body languages. This is particularly true of personal space needs. For example, Dr. Edward Hall has shown that in Japan crowding together is a sign of warm and pleasant intimacy. In certain situations, Hall believes that the Japanese prefer crowding.
    Donald Keene, who wrote Living Japan, notes the fact that in the Japanese language there is no word for privacy. Still this does not mean there is no concept of the need to be apart from others. To the Japanese, privacy exists in terms of his house. He considers this area as his own, and he dislikes invasion of it. The fact that he crowds together with others does not contradict his needs for living space.
    Dr. Hall sees this as a reflection of the Japanese concept of space. Westerners, he believed, see space as the distance between objects; to them space is empty. The Japanese, on the other hand, see space as having as much meaning as their flower arrangement and art, and the shape of their gardens as well, where units of space balance the areas containing flowers or plants.
    Like the Japanese, the Arabs too prefer to be close to one another. But while in public they are crowded together, in privacy, they prefer a great deal of space. The traditional or wealthy Arab house is large and empty, with family often crowded together in one small area of it. The Arabs do not like to be alone, and even in their spacious houses they will huddle together. The difference between the Arab huddling and the Japanese crowding is a deep thing. The Arabs like to touch his companion. The Japanese, in their closeness, preserve a formality and a cool dignity. They manage to touch and still keep rigid boundaries. The Arabs push these boundaries aside.
    Along with this closeness, there is a pushing and shoving in the Arab world that many Westerners find uncomfortable, even unpleasant. To an American, for example, there are personal boundaries even in a public place. When he is waiting in line, he believes that his place there is his alone, and may not be invaded by another. The Arab has no concept of privacy in a public place, and if he can push his way into a line, he feels perfectly within his rights to do so. To an American, the body is sacred; he dislikes being touched by a stranger, and will apologize if he touches another accidentally. To an Arab, bodily contact is accepted.
    Hall points out that an Arab needs at times to be alone, no matter how close he wishes to be, physically, to his fellow men. To be alone, he simply cuts off the lines of communication. He retreats into himself, mentally and spiritually, and this withdrawal is respected by his companions. If an American were with an Arab who withdrew in this way, he would regard it as impolite, as lack of respect, even as an insult.
When an Arab wants to be alone, he________.
选项 A、cuts off the lines of communication
B、still stays with his companion
C、tells others directly
D、doesn’t talk as much as usual
答案A
解析 根据题干中的an Arab wants to be alone定位到原文第六段。原文第六段的第二句说，阿拉伯人可以通过切断所有交流渠道(cuts off the lines of communication)来获得独处空间。因此，选项A与原文内容完全一致，为正确答案。选项B“仍会跟自己的同伴们待在一起”，与原文内容相反，属于正反混淆。选项C、D在文中并没有提到相关内容，属于无中生有。
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