首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
When scientists at the Australian Institute of Sport recently decided to check the Vitamin D status of some of that country’s
When scientists at the Australian Institute of Sport recently decided to check the Vitamin D status of some of that country’s
admin
2021-10-13
42
问题
When scientists at the Australian Institute of Sport recently decided to check the Vitamin D status of some of that country’s elite female gymnasts, their findings were fairly alarming. Of the 18 gymnasts tested, 15 had levels that were "below current recommended guidelines for optimal bone health," the study’s authors report. Six of these had Vitamin D levels that would qualify as medically deficient. Unlike other nutrients, Vitamin D can be obtained by exposure to ultraviolet radiation from sunlight, as well as through foods or supplements. Of course, female gymnasts are a unique and specialized bunch, not known for the quality or quantity of their diets, or for getting outside much.
But in another study presented at a conference earlier this year, researchers found that many of a group of distance runners also had poor Vitamin D status. Forty percent of the runners, who trained outdoors in sunny Baton Rouge, Louisiana, had insufficient Vitamin D. "It was something of a surprise," says D. Enette Larson-Meyer, an assistant professor in the Department of Family and Consumer Sciences at the University of Wyoming and one of the authors of the study.
Vitamin D is an often overlooked element in athletic achievement, a "sleeper nutrient," says John Anderson, a professor emeritus of nutrition at the University of North Carolina and one of the authors of a review article published online in May about Vitamin D and athletic performance. Vitamin D once was thought to be primarily involved in bone development. But a growing body of research suggests that it’s vital in multiple different bodily functions, including allowing body cells to utilize calcium (which is essential for cell metabolism), muscle fibers to develop and grow normally, and the immune system to function properly. "Almost every cell in the body has receptors" for Vitamin D, Anderson says. "It can up-regulate and down-regulate hundreds, maybe even thousands of genes," Larson-Meyer says. "We’re only at the start of understanding how important it is."
But many of us, it seems, no matter how active and scrupulous we are about health, don’t get enough Vitamin D. Nowadays, "many people aren’t going outside very much," Johnson says, and most of us assiduously apply sunscreen and take other precautions when we do. The Baton Rouge runners, for instance, most likely "ran early in the morning or late in the day," Larson-Meyer says, reducing their chances of heat stroke or sunburn, but also reducing their exposure to sunlight.
Meanwhile, dietary sources of Vitamin D are meager. Cod-liver oil provides a whopping dose. But a glass of fortified milk provides a fraction of what scientists now think we need per day. (A major study published online in the journal Pediatrics last month concluded that more than 60 percent of American children, or almost 51 million kids, have "insufficient" levels of Vitamin D and another 9 percent, or 7.6 million children, are clinically "deficient," a serious condition. Cases of childhood rickets, a bone disease caused by lack of Vitamin D, have been rising in the U.S. in recent years.)
Although few studies have looked closely at the issue of Vitamin D and athletic performance, those that have are suggestive. A series of strange but evocative studies undertaken decades ago in Russia and Germany, for instance, hint that the Eastern Bloc nations may have depended in part on sunlamps and Vitamin D to produce their preternaturally well-muscled and world-beating athletes. In one of the studies, four Russian sprinters were doused with artificial, ultraviolet light. Another group wasn’t. Both trained identically for the 100-meter dash. The control group lowered their sprint times by 1.7 percent The radiated runners, in comparison, improved by an impressive 7.4 percent.
More recently, when researchers tested the vertical jumping ability of a small group of adolescent athletes, Larson-Meyer says, "they found that those who had the lowest levels of Vitamin D tended not to jump as high," intimating that too little of the nutrient may impair muscle power. Low levels might also contribute to sports injuries, in part because Vitamin D is so important for bone and muscle health. In a Creighton University study of female naval recruits, stress fractures were reduced significantly after the women started taking supplements of Vitamin D and calcium.
A number of recent studies also have shown that, among athletes who train outside year-round, maximal oxygen intake tends to be highest in late summer, Johnson says. The athletes, in other words, are fittest in August, when ultraviolet radiation from the sun is near its zenith. They often then experience an abrupt drop in maximal oxygen intake, beginning as early as September, even though they continue to train just as hard. This decline coincides with the autumnal lengthening of the angle of sunlight. Less ultraviolet radiation reaches the earth and, apparently, sports performance suffers.
What does the passage mainly tell us?
选项
A、Vitamin D is important in our life.
B、Many of us are lacking in Vitamin D.
C、Vitamin D can improve our athletic performance.
D、There is little research about Vitamin D and athletic performance.
答案
C
解析
主旨大意题。综合全文可知,C为正确答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/lSIK777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
A、TheBritish.B、Germans.C、Americans.D、Notmentioned.C
StudyActivitiesinUniversityInordertohelpcollegeanduniversitystudentsintheprocessoflearning,fourkeystudyac
PASSAGEONEWhydidtheauthor’sheartpoundwhenheclutchedhisdime?
(1)Thishasbeenquiteaweekforliterarycoups.Inanalmostentirelyunexpectedmove,theSwedishAcademyhavethislunchtime
A、Itintegratesanassortmentofcourses.B、ItincludesEconomicsinthecurriculum.C、Coursesaretaughtindividually.D、Studen
A、Becausesomepeopledon’tthinktheyneedthesuntogetvitaminD.B、Becauseit’sanexampleofanevolutionarycompromise.C
Shouldhighschoolseniorstakeagapyearbeforetheygotouniversities?GapYearsoriginallystartedintheUnitedKingdomin
(1)OneschoolnightthismonthIsidleduptoAlexander,my15-year-oldson,andstrokedhischeekinamannerIhopedwouldsee
(1)TheTerm"CYBERSPACE"wascoinedbyWilliamGibson,ascience-fictionwriter.Hefirstuseditinashortstoryin1982,and
(1)GeorgeWilliams,oneofScottsdale’slastremainingcowboys,hasbeenraisinghorsesandcattleonhis120acresfor20years
随机试题
我国古典文学作品中,思想性和艺术性结合最好的是()。
归档文件的分类,可按哪些方法及步骤进行()
患者,女性,45岁,症见带下色白,质稀无臭,面色苍白,倦怠便溏,舌淡苔白,脉缓。治宜选用
应在饭后服用的药是服药时不宜同时服用藜芦、五灵脂、皂荚或其他制剂的
以下各项中不能够取得票据权利的是哪项?()
根据我国法律,下列哪种合同是具有法律效力的合同()
下列各项属于个人理财影响因素中社会环境的是()。
我国的招商银行、中国银行、建设银行、工商银行等商业银行陆续推出网上银行,开通了网上支付、网上自助转账和网上缴费等业务,初步实现了真正在线金融服务。材料表明,货币发展进入了()。
下列选项中属于定性预测的方法是()。
生活成本
最新回复
(
0
)