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  3. Six million people die every year as a result of tobacco smoking, according to an estimate by the World Health Organization. It

Six million people die every year as a result of tobacco smoking, according to an estimate by the World Health Organization. It

admin2019-08-08  31
问题    Six million people die every year as a result of tobacco smoking, according to an estimate by the World Health Organization. It is a number worth keeping in mind as the scientific disputes over electronic cigarettes continue to persist
   【F1】The US Food and Drug Administration last week announced a "historic rule" that gives it the right to regulate e-cigarettes—which vaporize nicotine—as it does tobacco products. Nearly all e-cigarettes will now have to go through an approval process, with sales to young people prohibited, and health warnings included on packaging and advertisements.
   Sylvia Burwell, the US Secretary of Health and Human Services, noted that 【F2】e-cigarette use is shooting up among young people in the United States, "creating a new generation of Americans who are at risk of addiction", even as cigarette smoking continues to decline.
   Some states are already ahead of federal law—California defined e-cigarettes as tobacco products. The European Union is also set to take a tougher stance. An EU-wide directive that comes into force this year on tobacco products will control nicotine content.
   These devices have split researchers. Some see a route to end the tobacco trouble. But other scientists see problems. 【F3】They fear that electronic devices undermine the message that smoking is bad, and offer people a nicotine fix in places where cigarettes have long been excluded. They fear a new age of nicotine, and that the six-million figure will rise.
   This difference of opinion has spilled messily over into the research arena. Published studies are ruthlessly picked apart by opposing sides. 【F4】Sometimes the fight happens even before publication, with journalists sent quotes that critique claims and conclusions before they are publicly available.
   Both sides are acting in good faith, but their arguments and increasingly rooted positions frequently generate more heat than light 【F5】To progress, researchers on both sides must establish what evidence should be gathered to answer the central question: how can e-cigarette use and regulation lead to the largest possible reduction in deaths from tobacco? Researchers should remain focused on the enemy that needs to be fought—the horrific harm caused by tobacco. Disputes are part of science. They must be conducted in the open, and no researcher—and no piece of research—can be immune from criticism. But the tobacco-science community must find a way forward. It is not exaggerating to say that millions of lives are at stake. Six million of them are, every year.
【F1】
选项
答案美国食品药品监督管理局上周公布了一条“历史性条规”，按照条规，该局有权像规范普通烟草制品一样去规范电子烟一种把尼古丁汽化的烟。
解析 ①本句是复合句，主句主干是sb．announced sth．，意思是“某人宣布了某事”。last week是时间状语，说明宣布这一“历史性的条规”的时间是“上周”。②that引导的定语从句修饰“historic rule”，that在从句中作主语，说明这一条规授予美国食品药品监督管理局的权利。③破折号之间的内容是插入语，进一步解释说明电子烟就是一种能把尼古丁汽化的烟。④句末是as引导的比较状语从句，将电子烟和普通烟草制品进行类比，说明两者都一样受到当局的规范管理。
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