首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
(1) Imagine that you could rewind the clock 20 years, and you’re 20 years younger. How do you feel? Well, if you’re at all like
(1) Imagine that you could rewind the clock 20 years, and you’re 20 years younger. How do you feel? Well, if you’re at all like
admin
2017-02-25
44
问题
(1) Imagine that you could rewind the clock 20 years, and you’re 20 years younger. How do you feel? Well, if you’re at all like the subjects in a provocative experiment by Harvard psychologist Ellen Langer, you actually feel as if your body clock has been turned back two decades. Langer did a study like this with a group of elderly men some years ago, retrofitting an isolated old New England hotel so that every visible sign said it was 20 years earlier. The men—in their late 70s and early 80s—were told not to reminisce about the past, but to actually act as if they had traveled back in time. The idea was to see if changing the men’s mindset about their own age might lead to actual changes in health and fitness.
(2) Langer’s findings were stunning: After just one week, the men in the experimental group (compared with controls of the same age) had more joint flexibility, increased dexterity and less arthritis in their hands. Their mental sensitivity had risen measurably, and they had improved posture. Outsiders who were shown the men’s photographs judged them to be significantly younger than the controls. In other words, the aging process had in some measure been reversed.
(3) Though this sounds a bit woo-wooey, Langer and her Harvard colleagues have been running similarly inventive experiments for decades, and the accumulated weight of the evidence is convincing. Her theory, argued in her new book, Counterclockwise, is that we are all victims of our own stereotypes about aging and health. We mindlessly accept negative cultural cues about disease and old age, and these cues shape our self-concepts and our behavior. If we can shake loose from the negative cliches that dominate our thinking about health, we can "mindfully" open ourselves to possibilities for more productive lives even into old age.
(4) Consider another of Langer’s mindfulness studies, this one using an ordinary optometrist’s eye chart. That’s the chart with the huge E on top, and descending lines of smaller and smaller letters that eventually become unreadable. Langer and her colleagues wondered: what if we reversed it? The regular chart creates the expectation that at some point you will be unable to read. Would turning the chart upside down reverse that expectation, so that people would expect the letters to become readable? That’s exactly what they found. The subjects still couldn’t read the tiniest letters, but when they were expecting the letters to get more legible, they were able to read smaller letters than they could have normally. Their expectation—their mindset—improved their actual vision.
(5) That means that some people may be able to change prescriptions if they change the way they think about seeing. But other health consequences might be mora important than that. Here’s another study, this one using clothing as a trigger for aging stereotypes. Most people try to dress appropriately for their age, so clothing in effect becomes a cue for ingrained attitudes about age. But what if this cue disappeared? Langer decided to study people who routinely wear uniforms as part of their work life, and compare them with people who dress in street clothes. She found that people who wear uniforms missed fewer days owing to illness or injury, had fewer doctors’ visits and hospitalizations, and had fewer chronic diseases—even though they all had the same socioeconomic status. That’s because they were not constantly reminded of their own aging by their fashion choices. The health differences were even more exaggerated when Langer looked at affluent people: presumably the means to buy even more clothes provides a steady stream of new aging cues, which wealthy people internalize as unhealthy attitudes and expectations.
(6) Langer’s point is that we are surrounded every day by subtle signals that aging is an undesirable period of decline. These signals make it difficult to age gracefully. Similar signals also lock all of us—regardless of age—into pigeonholes for disease. We are too quick to accept diagnostic categories like cancer and depression, and let them define us.
(7) That’s not to say that we won’t encounter illness, bad moods or a stiff back. But with a little mindfulness, we can try to embrace uncertainty and understand that the way we feel today may or may not connect to the way we will feel tomorrow.
The word woo-wooey in the third paragraph probably means _____.
选项
A、marvelous
B、incredible
C、impractical
D、mysterious
答案
B
解析
根据第2段的描述可知,艾伦·兰格的实验结果令人震惊,而第3段第1句话表明,兰格和她哈佛的同事们几十年来积累的实验数据相当具有说服力,再分析此句所包含的转折关系,可推知wo-wooey意为“让人难以置信的”。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/ld7O777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
A:Doyoulikeicecream?B:Yes,Ido.Thisisanexampleof______.
UnderstandingAcademicLecturesListeningtoacademiclecturesisanimportanttaskforuniversitystudents.Then,howcan
Language-basedlearningdisabilitiesareproblemswithage-appropriatereading,spelling,and/orwriting.Thisdisorderisnot
______gotAmericanoutoftheGreatDepression.
EvaluatingSpeakingSpeakingisacomplexactwithmanydifferentelementsinteractingtoproduceeffectivecommunication,
HowtoApproachDiscursiveWritingHowtoimprovetheeffectivenessofstudents’writing?Therearesixstageswhichshouldbe
Virtuallyeverydayoftheyearseesanotherartbiennialopeningsomewhereintheworld.Theroleoftheseexhibitionsistosh
Withvariouspressuresinsocietyincreasingdaybyday,manypeoplearesufferingfrommentalproblems.However,fewofthemvo
Whatistheconventionalwaytocurethemalaria?
TheUNGeneralAssembly,thecentralpoliticalforum,iscomposedof193members,includingvirtuallyalltheworld’snation-sta
随机试题
TTL与非门的门槛电压在理论上等于()。
阅读小说片段,然后回答问题:那三位麦琪,诸位知道,全是有智慧的人——非常有智慧的人——他们带来礼物,送给生在马槽里的圣子耶稣。他们首创了圣诞节馈赠礼物的风俗。他们既然有智慧,他们的礼物无疑也是聪明的,可能还附带一种碰上收到同样的东西时可以交换的权
关于注射用乳剂下列说法不正确的是
患者女,55岁。类风湿关节炎史5年,全身关节活动受限,生活部分自理。近1年来间歇性情绪低落,诉说活着没意义,对任何事物都缺乏兴趣,3日前企图自杀被家人发现,及时送往医院。护理评估要特别注意的是()
黄河公司原有普通股10000万元、资本成本为18%,长期债券2000万元、资本成本为8%。现向银行借款600万元,借款年利率为6%,每年付息一次,期限为5年,筹资费用率为0。该借款拟用于投资购买一台价值为600万元的大型生产设备(无其他相关
租赁期限届满,当事人可以续订租赁合同,但约定的租赁期限自续订之日起不得超过()。
所有的公文中,()最具权威性和强制性。
你是下派到某地的基层民警,该地群众基础不牢,对警察有抵触,你将如何开展工作?
【《明实录》】
不能作为遗产继承的财产是()。
最新回复
(
0
)