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  3. Humanism originated in the study of classical culture, and humanities disciplines included grammar, rhetoric, history, poetry, a

Humanism originated in the study of classical culture, and humanities disciplines included grammar, rhetoric, history, poetry, a

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问题     Humanism originated in the study of classical culture, and humanities disciplines included grammar, rhetoric, history, poetry, and ethics. These subjects were all studied, whenever possible, in the original classical texts. The humanities curriculum conflicted directly with more traditional education that was based on scholasticism(经院哲学). A scholastic education concentrated on the study of logic, natural philosophy (science), and metaphysics, or the nature of reality. Scholars often clashed sharply over these two systems of education.
    Underlying the differences between these two philosophies was the humanists’ deep conviction that society had outgrown older ways of thought. According to the humanists, these ways of thought emphasized abstract speculation and relied too heavily on Christian teachings. Many of the humanists were townspeople who were not directly associated with the church. These urban residents tended to object to an educational system that was largely monopolized by the clergy and oriented to clerical needs. Humanists were accustomed to the ever-changing, concrete activities of city life and found the rigid and closed systems of abstract thought to be both useless and irrelevant. In sum, humanism reflected the new environment of the Renaissance. Its essential contribution to the modern world was not its concern with antiquity, but its flexibility and openness to all the possibilities of life.
    Renaissance(文艺复兴) humanism was complex, with few unifying features beyond a common belief that humanity and society could be improved through a new kind of education based on a study of the classics. Humanists varied widely in the ways they applied these ideas to areas that interested them. Some humanists were mainly interested in rhetoric and Latin prose style, while others analyzed ancient texts to determine exact meanings. One group focused on ways to improve society in general, while Christian humanism applied the techniques of humanist scholarship to the study of church documents, particularly the Bible.
选项 A、The humanists believed that those texts were the best ones.
B、Humanism took its origin in classical works in many fields.
C、The humanists disliked their contemporary works.
D、The humanists wanted to be different from scholasticism.
答案B
解析 细节题。我们可以从文章的第一、二两句话中找到题材干的内容。A选项在文章中没有提到，B选项是正确的，"Humanism originated in the study of classical culture" C，D两个选项都曲解了原文的意思，原文中提出经院哲学和人文主义只是为了陈述一个事实，把当时的情况说清楚。所以这一题的正确答案是B。
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