首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Biological Pest Control Biological control is, generally, human’s use of a specially chosen living organism to control a par
Biological Pest Control Biological control is, generally, human’s use of a specially chosen living organism to control a par
admin
2011-03-05
50
问题
Biological Pest Control
Biological control is, generally, human’s use of a specially chosen living organism to control a particular pest. This chosen organism might be a predator, parasite, or disease which will attack the harmful insect. It is a form of manipulating nature to increase a desired effect. A complete Biological Control program may range from choosing a pesticide which will be least harmful to beneficial insects, to raising and releasing one insect to have it attack another, almost like a "living insecticide".
Biological control methods can be used as part of an overall Integrated Pest Management (IPM) program to reduce the legal, environmental, and public safety hazards of chemicals. In addition, it may be a more economical alternative to some insecticides. Some biological control measures can actually prevent economic damage to agricultural crops. Unlike most insecticides, biological controls are often very specific for a particular pest. Other helpful insects, animals, or people can go completely unaffected or disturbed by their use. There is less danger of impact on the environment and water quality.
Biological control takes more intensive management and planning. It can take more time, require more record keeping, more patience, and sometimes more education or training. Successful use of biological control requires a greater understanding of the biology of both the pest and its enemies. Many natural enemies are very susceptible to pesticides, and using them successfully in an IPM program takes great care. In some cases, biological control may be more costly than pesticides. Often, the results of using biological control are not as dramatic or quick as the results of pesticide use. Most natural enemies attack only specific types of insects--unlike broad-spectrum insecticides, which may kill a wide range of insects. Though often an advantage, this can also be a disadvantage.
Biological control uses naturally occurring predators, parasites and diseases to control pests. There are three main ways to use these natural enemies against unwanted insect pest populations. Classical Biological Control (importation) involves traveling to the country or area from which a newly introduced pest originated and returning with some of the natural enemies that attacked it and kept it from being a pest there. New pests are constantly arriving accidentally or intentionally. Sometimes they survive. When they come, their enemies are left behind. If they become a pest, introducing some of their natural enemies can be an important way to reduce the amount of harm they can do. Augmentation is a method of increasing the population of a natural enemy which attacks a pest. This can be done by mass producing a pest in a laboratory and releasing it into the field at the proper time. Another method of augmentation is breeding a better natural enemy which can attack or find its prey more effectively. Mass rearings can be released at special times when the pest is most susceptible and natural enemies are not yet present, or they can be released in such large numbers that few pests go untouched by their enemies. The augmentation method relies upon continual human management and does not provide a permanent solution unlike the importation or conservation approaches may. Conservation of natural enemies is an important part in any biological control effort. This involves identifying any factors that limit the effectiveness of a particular natural enemy and changing them to help the beneficial species. Conservation of natural enemies involves either reducing factors which interfere with the natural enemies or providing needed resources that help natural enemies.
In addition to the introduction of predators, several microbial pathogens are effective against nematodes. They consist of a microorganism (e. g. a bacterium, fungus, virus or protozoan) as the active ingredient. They can control many different kinds of pests, although each separate active ingredient is relatively specific for its target pest(s). For example, there are fungi that control certain weeds, and other fungi that kill specific insects. The most widely used microbial pesticides are subspecies and strains of Bacillus thuringiensis, or BT. Each strain of this bacterium produces a different mix of proteins, and specifically kills one or a few related species of insect larvae. While some BTs control moth larvae found on plants, other BTs are specific for larvae of flies and mosquitoes. The target insect species are determined by whether the particular BT produces a protein that can bind to a larval gut receptor, thereby causing the insect larvae to starve.
What is commonly used in Biological Control program in addition to some specially chosen pesticides?
选项
答案
living insecticide
解析
文章第一段提到A complete Biological Control program may range…releasing one insect to have it attack another, almost like a "living insecticide". 生物防治病虫害不仅利用化学的杀虫剂,而且也利用生物种之间相互制约的关系去控制有害物种的发生、繁殖或减轻其危害的方法,因而称之为“生物杀虫剂”。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/loyK777K
本试题收录于:
A类竞赛(研究生)题库大学生英语竞赛(NECCS)分类
0
A类竞赛(研究生)
大学生英语竞赛(NECCS)
相关试题推荐
Atthebeginningofthe20thcentury,peoplemadecoffee______aclothbagfullofcoffeegroundsintoboilingwater.
Itwasonceaveryprosperouspartofthecity,butnowmanyofthebusinesseshavemovedawayorgone______.
PeopleoftensaythatthehistoryofCanadaisahistoryof______.
______wehaveapunctureshejustsitsinthecar______Ichangethetyre.
Isparaglidingmoredangerousthanparachuting?Therearethreeelementsthatsupporttheargumentthatthough【C1】______ofthem
Whatinthenightskyissuggestedbythefollowingwordpicture?
Nomatterhowcarefullyyouplanatripwithafriend,orfamilymember,therewillprobablybeconflictsalongtheway.Evenaf
Surfingissomethingpeopleoftengethookedonaftertryingitafewtimes.Formanysuffersitismuchmorethanahobby—they
Iftwotypistscantypetwopagesintwominutes,howmanytypistswillittaketotype18pagesinsixminutes?
随机试题
锅筒和过热器上的安全阀的总排放量必须()锅炉的额定蒸发量。
一般把对一个区域的教育工作整体督导称之为
《中华人民共和国水污染防治法》规定:排放水污染物,不得超过()规定的水污染物排放标准和()排放总量控制指标。
工程初步设计深度应满足()的要求。
某有限责任公司股东吴某欲转让自己的股权,因无其他股东愿意购买,拟转让给本公司股东以外的陈某,而公司股东会决议不同意吴某将股权转让给陈某。对此,下列吴某的行为正确的是()。
下列说法错误的是()。
根据下列材料回答下列问题。中福在线即开型彩票2009年前8个月销售量为4.97亿元,同比下降了76.2%。那么,它在2008年前8个月所占的市场份额为()。
新民主主义革命与旧民主主义革命相对比较,其区别有()
假定某农贸市场上鸡蛋的需求和供给曲线可以由下列方程表示:Qd=100+10PQs=540-40P其中,Qd为该市场鸡蛋的需求量(公斤),Qs为该市场鸡蛋的供给量(公斤),P为每公斤鸡蛋的价格,则市场上鸡蛋价格P为______元/公斤时,达到供需平衡。
阅读下列说明,回答以下问题,将解答填入答题纸的对应栏内。【说明】某信息化工程项目,主要涉及机房工程、综合布线及应用软件系统开发。其中,应用软件系统开发项目的计划工期为40周,预算成本为500万元。建设单位通过公开招标选择了承建单位和监理单位。在项目建设
最新回复
(
0
)