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  3. You are going to read a list of headings and a text about leadership. Choose a heading from the list A — F that best fits the me

You are going to read a list of headings and a text about leadership. Choose a heading from the list A — F that best fits the me

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问题 You are going to read a list of headings and a text about leadership. Choose a heading from the list A — F that best fits the meaning of each numbered part of the text(1 — 5). The first and last paragraphs of the text are not numbered. There is one extra heading which you do not need to use.
[A]Thinks Positively
[B]Knows That Principles Are More Important than Rules
[C]Possesses a Sense of Humor
[D]Communicates Facts That Are Hard to Take
[E]Cares for Others and Their Well-being
[F]Has Integrity and Authenticity
    Much has been written about the tasks of leaders and the skills required for leadership. There has been considerable debate about the question of whether leaders are born or made. Likely behind these arguments is the difference between personal characteristics that some people have at birth and skills that one can acquire through education and practice. But the important personal characteristics, while they may seem innate in some people, can be cultivated, and indeed, require cultivation in all of us. For unless they are strengthened through conscious attention and cultivation, they can, for example, easily be forgotten or ignored in the craziness of activity often associated with leadership. What are some of these characteristics? One could make many lists, but here are five personal traits that seem especially important A good leader:
【R1】______
    An effective leader is"genuine", internally and externally consistent. A good leader is one of whom it can be said,"What you see is what you get"— there is never any wonder as to whether the image, the "person" presented to the world, really reflects the person. Such a leader has honesty— he/she says what he/she means, means what he/she says. A good leader has a consistency of purpose, operates out of discernible principles, and"stands for"something worthwhile and detectable. Honesty and reliability require self-reflection, the ability to understand oneself honestly, the capacity to assess one’s strengths and weaknesses accurately, and acceptance of one’s self.
【R2】______
    A good leader takes responsibility seriously but never takes himself seriously. Such a leader can help people relax and get through tough situations in good spirits.
【R3】______
    A good leader understands that nothing except a great work of art can be done by one person alone— that something of lasting value is almost always the result of a group effort. But even more than that, a good leader genuinely is concerned with and interested in others. Such concerning means that a good leader is collegial, building a sense of group identity and purpose. A good leader"brings out the best" in each of those who follow, seeks the development and advancement of each member of the group, and delights in each person’s growth in ability and of character. A good leader rejoices in the success of group members without annoucement of jealousy. A good leader is deliberative, involving the group in decisions wherever possible and encourages, supports, and applauds the members of the group.
【R4】______
    One of the primary roles of the leader is to inspire hope, even in a difficult situation. This is not the same as being blindly optimistic. We think, for example, of Franklin Roosevelt’s "We have nothing to fear but fear itself "or of Desmond Tutu’s observation about apartheid in South Africa that since "it is difficult to be optimistic, one must have hope. "Such a leader empowers followers, making them believe that they can accomplish worthwhile but very difficult things. He actually creates energy in the group by being active without becoming unrealistic.
【R5】______
    A good leader understands that order is important to a group but that rigidity destroys the followers’ emotion state. Lasting, empowering order comes more from trust and the development of group norms than from regulations imposed by a leader.
    Doubtless, everyone would develop a somewhat different, and in many cases, a longer list of personal characteristics. But a leader who is conscious of such a list, who questions the extent to which he or she lives and acts in accord with these traits, and who deliberately cultivates these characteristics is likely to be a successful and appreciated leader.
【R3】
选项
答案E
解析 第四段主要内容体现在前两句：优秀的领导者知道团体的重要性，并关心和关注他人。[F]中的cares for others and their well—being与该段第二句中concerned with and interestedin others含义基本相同，且是对该段提到的“挖掘每个追随者的长处”、“寻求每位成员的发展和进步”、“分享团队成员成功的喜悦”等内容的恰当概括。因此[E]正确。
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