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  3. The domestic economy in the United States expanded in a remarkably vigorous and steady fashion. The revival in consumer confiden

The domestic economy in the United States expanded in a remarkably vigorous and steady fashion. The revival in consumer confiden

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问题     The domestic economy in the United States expanded in a remarkably vigorous and steady fashion. The revival in consumer confidence was reflected in the higher proportion of incomes spent for goods and services and the marked increase in consumer willingness to take on installment debt. A parallel strengthening in business psychology was manifested in a stepped-up rate of plant and equipment spending and a gradual pickup in expenses for inventory. Confidence in the economy was also reflected in the strength of the stock market and in the stability of the bond market. For the year as a whole, consumer and business sentiment benefited from the ease in East-West tensions.
    The bases of the business expansion were to be found mainly in the stimulative monetary and fiscal policies that had been pursued. Moreover, the restoration of sounder liquidity positions and tighter management control of production efficiency had also helped lay the groundwork for a strong expansion. In addition, the economic policy moves made by the President had served to renew optimism on the business outlook while boosting hopes that inflation would be brought under more effective control. Finally, of course, the economy was able to grow as vigorously as it did because sufficient leeway(余地)existed in terms of idle men and machines.
    The United States balance of payments(国际收支差额)deficit declined sharply. Nevertheless, by any other test, the deficit remained very large. While the overall trade performance proved disappointing, there are still good reasons for expecting the delayed impact of devaluation to produce in time a significant strengthening in our trade picture. Given the size of the Japanese component of our trade deficit, however, the outcome will depend importantly on the extent of the corrective measures undertaken by Japan.
    The underlying task of public policy for the year ahead — and indeed for the longer run — remained a familiar one: to strike the right balance between encouraging healthy economic growth and avoiding inflationary pressures. With the economy showing sustained and vigorous growth, and with the currency crisis highlighting the need to improve our competitive posture internationally, the emphasis seemed to be shifting to the problem of inflation. The Phase Three program of wage and price restraint can contribute to reducing inflation.
We may learn from paragraph 2 that it centers on______.
选项 A、the causes of the America’s economic expansion
B、the stimulative monetary and fiscal policies
C、the restoration of sounder liquidity positions
D、the President’s economic policy moves
答案A
解析 段落主旨题的解题思路是关注该段落的段首句、段尾句、总述句等特殊功能句或总结握炼该段落的复现词，即主旨词。本段首句The bases of the business expansion were to be found mainly in the stimulativemonetary and fiscal policies that had been pursued(经济发展的根本原因主要在于所奉行货币和财政政策的刺激)，本句话显然在分析“经济发展的原因”；第二句请考生注意过渡词Moreover，表示语义递进，因此本句继续分析经济发展的原因；第三句再次使用语义递进的过渡词In addition，阐述经济发展的又一个原因；本段尾句的连贯词是Finally，表示原因分析的终结，即经济发展的另一个原因。综上所述，本段主要在讲述(centers on)“美国经济发展的种种原因”，因此A项正确。
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