首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The Difference between Spoken and Written English I. Definition of speech and writing two different【B1】______methods of communic
The Difference between Spoken and Written English I. Definition of speech and writing two different【B1】______methods of communic
admin
2015-09-30
37
问题
The Difference between Spoken and Written English
I. Definition of speech and writing
two different【B1】______methods of communication【B1】______
—speech: the oral medium of transmission of language
—writing: marking a surface with words
II. Necessity of knowing the difference
—acquire language skills【B2】______and completely【B2】______
—learner aspires to grip and command
III. Differences between spoken and written English
—physical difference
—【B3】______substance: medium used in speech【B3】______
—graphic substance: hand creating marks on a surface
—difference in the use of grammar and vocabulary
—degree of formality: spoken English is less formal
-no【B4】______【B4】______
—no role of spelling
—【B5】______the rules of grammar【B5】______
—speakers make efforts to learn correct pronunciation
—features of speech:【B6】______, active and not last long【B6】______
—no time lag between production and reception
—no time for planning
—contain loudness, tempo, rhythm, intonations and pauses
—aided by【B7】______and gestures【B7】______
—difficulty in learning: written English is easier
—do not come with an accent
—take better advantage of【B8】______than of accent【B8】______
—reasonably simple to master
IV. Tips for language learner
—pay heed to both forms【B9】______【B9】______
—respect the language
—【B10】______all the important aspects【B10】______
【B3】
The Difference between Spoken and Written English
Good morning everyone, today’s lecture is about the difference between spoken and written English.(1)Speech and writing are two independent methods of communication. Speech is "the oral medium of transmission of language,i. e. the spoken language". Writing involves marking a surface with words that convey one’s thoughts and ideas and as Crystal remarks "written English has provided the standard that society values, and its relative permanence and worldwide circulation have given it a very special place with the life of the community. "
Every language learner aspires to have good grip and command over both spoken and written language.(2)Failure in expressing either of them will render him ineffective and incomplete when it comes to acquiring language skills in true sense of word. Both forms of language, therefore, are very important. They differ from each other to a great extent. Following are some of the major differences in both spoken and written language.
(3)One difference that exists between speech and writing is the distinction between the phonic and the graphic substances. The former is the medium used in speech, where the vocal organs produce air-pressure movements. The latter is used in writing, which consists of the hand creating marks on a surface. However, this physical difference is not the only factor that distinguishes the two mediums. There are also difference such as the use of grammar and vocabulary which also differ according to whether the person is speaking or writing to convey information.
On top of the above, spoken English is very informal while written English is formal.(4)No punctuation is needed in spoken English because we are aided by facial expressions, gestures, body language to express our meaning effectively and properly. On the other hand, written English is ineffective and handicapped without proper use of punctuation. Many speakers are bold and confident at the time of speaking. But most of them find themselves lacking in confidence and reluctant to write because they know that once they write, their words are recorded and they cannot defend themselves. Their mistakes are exposed in writing. In spoken English, there is no role of spelling. But spelling does play a very important role in writing. Many good speakers are found being a horrible speller of the word. Their spelling lowers their image and impression among their colleagues and their readers.(5)Speakers often ignore some of the basic rules of grammar, for they are only interested in conveying their messages. They do not stick to the rules of grammar. On the other hand, writing is never accurate and impressive unless it is grammatically correct and error-free. Therefore, all the great and successful writers give grammar its due importance in their writings. Spelling is what creates problems for many writers, and in the same way pronunciation is a problem for many speakers. Many speakers find it difficult to pronounce the words correctly. They have to make efforts to learn correct pronunciation while writers have no such worries.
(6)Speech is time-based, active and does not last long. There is no time lag between production and reception and given the spontaneity and speed with which speech is produced there is no time for planning. We usually think while talking and this results in looser construction, repetition, rephrasing and comment clauses such as "Jack is ugly, I think". Nevertheless, speech also contains loudness, tempo, rhythm, and other intonations and pauses that cannot be easily transmuted to the written form.(7)Facial expressions and gestures often aid meaning as well as deictic expressions which refer directly to the situation. These features can all be contained in speech but are not written down with much effectiveness.
Hearing and understanding spoken English can be more difficult than understanding written English for another very simple reason: written English usually does not come with an accent. Accent is different to dialect, although they often go together.(8)English in the written form can take better advantage of dialect than of accent. Where an accent will be the sound a speaker makes when using a specific set of words relating to the locality they were raised, but the words remain the same, a dialect is a pattern of language use that may substitute new words or meanings to existing words.
Actually, written English is reasonably simple to master, especially if you are only going to use it in the written form. Spoken English is much harder to learn, and use effectively.
(9)With so much difference between these two forms of English, it is prime duty of every one aspiring to become a good language learner to pay heed to both forms equally to have good command over English. If one is able to do so, he is sure to win admiration and appreciation from his readers and listeners to the great extent.
To conclude, a good language learner always respects the language he intends to learn.(10)Therefore, he takes keen interest in acquiring this language, not leaving any important aspect untouched and uncovered. Such a learner is always successful.
Ok, today, we have discussed the differences between spoken English and written English. To sum up, spoken English and written English differ in the aspect of medium as well as whether it is informal or formal, time-based or not, simple or hard to learn and so on. Next time, we’ll continue to talk about it further.
选项
答案
phonic
解析
本题考查重要细节。根据句(3)可知,口语和书面语的一个区别是声音介质和符号介质的差别,故答案为phonic。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/mLKO777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
A、Enthusiastic.B、Indifferent.C、Critical.D、Neutral.A
Inbringingupchildren,everyparentwatcheseagerlythechild’sacquisitionofeachnewskill—thefirstspokenwords,thefirs
Inbringingupchildren,everyparentwatcheseagerlythechild’sacquisitionofeachnewskill—thefirstspokenwords,thefirs
Inbringingupchildren,everyparentwatcheseagerlythechild’sacquisitionofeachnewskill—thefirstspokenwords,thefirs
ThefamousshortstoryTheFalloftheHouseofUsherwaswrittenby______.
随机试题
Theyhavetoadjustin________waythattheydon’tmakealoss.
室内外固定安装应选用()。
分析压力对身心健康的影响。
(2014年第179题)骨关节结核的临床表现中,下列描述正确的有
A/对组胺H1和H2受体均有作用B/用于治疗消化性溃疡C/用于治疗晕动症D/用于治疗疟疾E/用于治疗滴虫病西咪替丁
系统管道固定牢靠,管道末端采用了防晃支架固定,支架与末端喷头间的距离不大于()mm。
现代社会人与人之间变得越来越冷漠了。有以下三个观点:一是现在很多人对有些事漠不关心,认为不关我事,何必多管闲事;二是现在很多人由于工作压力很大,没有时间和精力去与他人沟通交往;三是邻里之间没有之前那样和睦,人际关系变得疏远,邻
人民日报坚持把_______道德建设、_______传统美德_______时代新风作为核心追求,大力弘扬道德模范、讴歌榜样力量,为推进社会主义精神文明建设发挥了重要作用。填入画横线部分最恰当的一项是:
让学生运用教师提供的按照发现过程编制的教材或材料进行“再发现”,回答他们自己的疑问,解决他们自己的问题的教学模式叫做()。
把用高级语言写的程序转换为可执行程序,要经过的过程叫()。
最新回复
(
0
)