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  3. The evolutionary process culminating in man was finally completed about 35,000 years ago with the appearance of Homo Sapiens, or

The evolutionary process culminating in man was finally completed about 35,000 years ago with the appearance of Homo Sapiens, or

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问题     The evolutionary process culminating in man was finally completed about 35,000 years ago with the appearance of Homo Sapiens, or "thinking man". (1)_____ in broadest perspective, this represents the second major turning (2)_____ in the course of (3)_____ on this planet. The first occurred when life (4)_____ out of inorganic matter. After that momentous (5)_____, all living forms evolved by adapting (6)_____ their environment, as was evident during the climate turmoil of the Pleistocene. But with the (7)_____ of man, the evolutionary process was (8)_____. No longer did genes adapt to environment. Instead, man adapted by changing the environment to (9)_____ his genes. Today, a third (10)_____ turning point appears (11)_____, as man’s growing knowledge of the structure and function of genes may soon enable him to (12)_____ his genes as well as his environment.
    Man, and only man, has been able to create a made-to-order environment, or culture, as it is called. The reason is (13)_____ only man can symbolize, or (14)_____ things and concepts divorced from here-and-now reality. Only he laughs, and only he knows that he will die. Only he has wondered (15)_____ the universe and its origins, about his place in it and in the hereafter.
    With these unique and revolutionizing abilities, man has been able to (16)_____ with his environment without alteration. His culture in the new no biological way of having fur in the Arctic, water storage in the desert, and fins in the water. More concretely, culture (17)_____ tools, clothing, ornaments, institutions, language, art forms, and religious beliefs and (18)_____. All these have served to adapt man to his physical environment and to his fellowman. Indeed, story of man is simply the story of a (19)_____ of cultures that he has created, form his Paleolithic (20)_____ to the present day.

选项 A、invalid
B、epochal
C、periodical
D、ineffective
答案B
解析 上下文理解题。第1段中有major"重要的"，和momentous"重大的，重要的"两个词，都是用来描述生命进化过程中的第1和第2个转折点的，其在整个人类的进化史中是很重要的。结合上下文意思，那么第三个转折点，人类能够改变基因，应该是更了不起的。4个选项中，只有epochal"新纪元的，划时代的"符合题意。其他3个选项的意思是invalid"无用的，没有价值的"；periodical"定期的"；ineffective"无效的"。
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