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What is the lecture mainly about?
What is the lecture mainly about?
admin
2022-07-28
3
问题
What is the lecture mainly about?
Listen to part of a lecture in a biology class.
Professor:
I’m sure most of you know that we’ve been able to extract certain compounds from plants for use in medicine. Eh, compounds like proteins from some plants can be used in medicines as antibodies in vaccines. And we can even cause some plants to produce certain proteins by incorporating DNA into the plant cells, usually in the leaves. We then extract the proteins to use as antibodies. However, we’ve never been able to produce enough protein to make the process worthwhile. It hasn’t been practical until now.
Now it appears that it’s possible to get a large amount of usable protein from plants. Some researchers have recently succeeded in doing this by using plant seeds to produce these proteins rather than leaves or the other parts of the plant.
Now there are a number of advantages to get protein from plant seeds to produce antibodies. But we have to be sure that these proteins are just as effective as human proteins. And so far the researchers show that antibodies produced from plant seeds protein are effective in humans, which is great. Because typically, antibodies for vaccines and medicines too are produced from micro-organisms like yeasts or bacteria, and it’s a rather complicated process.
OK, so what makes plant seeds good production units? Well, for one thing, there are lots of them, right? One plant can produce a lot of seeds and then there is the issue of storage. Seeds can be stored for long periods of time and the protein retains its effectiveness.
Now that’s not true with other parts of the plant. Leaves for instance, you can’t store them very long, which means you have to get that protein out right away as soon as it’s produced. But using plant seeds as production units allows you to isolate the protein whenever you need it, and you can transport seeds all over the world, even the places where refrigeration might be a problem, not so for yeasts and bacteria, but with seeds, it seems quite possible that we’ll be able to supply vaccine to places that need them. Whereas before this, transporting and preserving these products after a long distance simply wasn’t feasible. And another major benefit of extracting plant proteins for medical use is cost-effectiveness. Unlike the production of proteins for medicinal purpose using yeasts or bacteria like insulin which is a vital protein used in medications, extracting protein from seeds doesn’t require high-tech production labs with all kinds of equipment, and since refrigeration is not crucial for maintenance or transport, it’s just much less expensive to store and maintain plant seeds than other sources of protein. We estimate the total production cost to be 10 to 100 times lower.
选项
A、The costs of extracting proteins from plants to make vaccines
B、The modification of seeds to increase plant reproduction
C、The benefits of using plant seeds to obtain proteins for vaccines
D、The use of proteins in animal cells to produce vaccines
答案
C
解析
题目询问讲座的主题。讲座一开始提到,研究人员可以从植物中提取蛋白质用于制药,但因为产量不大,所以这个过程一直没有价值;而直到现在,因为找到了植物种子这个蛋白质生产的温床,所以这一过程变得有可能。之后,讲座一直围绕从植物种子中提取蛋白质的好处来开展,故选C项“利用植物种子获取用于研制疫苗的蛋白质的好处”。讲座没有重点讨论从植物中提取蛋白质制成疫苗的费用问题,节省费用只是提取植物蛋白用于医疗用途的一个主要好处,故排除A项。B项“改良种子以增强植物繁殖能力”和D项“利用动物细胞中的蛋白质生产疫苗”都没有相关依据。
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