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  3. The growth of the use of English as the world’ s primary language for international communication has obviously been continuing

The growth of the use of English as the world’ s primary language for international communication has obviously been continuing

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问题     The growth of the use of English as the world’ s primary language for international communication has obviously been continuing for several decades. 【F1】But even as the number of English speakers expands further there are signs that the global predominance of the language may fade within the foreseeable future.
    Complex international, economic, technological and culture change could start to diminish the leading position of English as the language of the world market, and UK interests which enjoy advantage from the breath of English usage would consequently face new pressures. Those realistic possibilities are highlighted in the study presented by David Graddol. 【F2】His analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness among those who may believe that the global position of English is so stable that the young generations of the United Kingdom do not need additional language capabilities.
    David Graddol concludes that monoglot English graduates face a bleak economic future as qualified multilingual youngsters from other countries are proving to have a competitive advantage over their British counterparts in global companies and organizations. Alongside that, 【F3】many countries are introducing English into the primary-school curriculum but British schoolchildren and students do not appear to be gaining greater encouragement to achieve fluency in other languages.
    If left to themselves, such trends will diminish the relative strength of the English language in international education markets as the demand for educational resources in languages, such as Spanish, Arabic or Mandarin grows and international business process outsourcing in other language such as Japanese, French and German, spreads.
    【F4】The changes identified by David Graddol all present clear and major challenges to UK’ s providers of English language teaching to people of other countries and to broader education business sectors. The English language teaching sector directly earns nearly ￡1.3 billion for the UK in invisible exports and our other education related explores earn up to ￡ 10 billion a year more. As the International education market expands, the recent slowdown in the number of international students studying in the main English-speaking countries is likely to continue, especially if there are no effective strategic policies to prevent such slippage.
    The anticipation of possible shifts in demand provided by this study is significant; 【F5】It gives a basis to all organizations which seek to promote the learning and use of English, a basis for planning to meet the possibilities of what could be a very different operating environment. That is a necessary and practical approach. In this as in much else, those who wish to influence the future must prepare for it.
【F4】
选项
答案大卫·格兰多指出的这些变化给英国的英语教学工作者提出了明确的和巨大的挑战，这些英语教学工作是面向其他国家的人和更为广泛的商业教育机构的。
解析 此句是简单句，The changes是主语，identified by David Graddol是过去分词短语做后置定语修饰changes，identified可以理解为“发现，指出”，present是谓语动词，是“体现，表现”的意思，clear and major challenges是宾语，to UK’s providers of English language teaching是介词短语做后置定语修饰challenges，providers本意是供应商，此处可以理解为“英语教学工作者”，to people of other countries and to broader education business sectors．是后置定语修饰Englishlanguage teaching。
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