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The Question that the Nobel will Kindle Unlike the original five prizes named in Alfred Nobel’s will more than a century ago

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问题                     The Question that the Nobel will Kindle
    Unlike the original five prizes named in Alfred Nobel’s will more than a century ago, the economics award—formally called the Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel—was created in 1968 by the nation’s central bank in honor of its 300th anniversary. But it isn’t so much bloodlines that have stirred up dismay as the kind of work that has often been honored.
    "They’re not engaged in the problems of the actual world." Said James K. Galbraith, an economist at the Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs at the University of Texas in Austin, voicing an all too common complaint that much of the Nobel-anointed economic work seems out of touch with reality.
    Complaints about prize winners generally fall into one of three categories: too ideological; too preoccupied with theory and mathe-matics; or too narrowly focused on problems facing Wall Street instead of on pressing global issues like inequality, poverty and the environment.
    That’s not how Gary S. Becker—an economist at the University of Chicago who won the 1992 prize for applying economic theory to a wide range of human behavior, including crime and racial discrimination— sees it. " People have different judgments about what constitutes the biggest contribution," he said, but he maintains that the winners "do reflect the most important work in economics" and that the work being honored is " useful in understanding how societies work".
    The hard-science prizes were certainly the model for the newest Nobel. Yet the notion that economics is scientific, said Jeff Madrick, the director of policy research at the Schwartz Center for Economic Policy Analysis at the New School in New York, is " highly exaggerated".
    Mr. Madrick not only doubts that significant contributions in the field can be limited to those based on econometrics but also questions whether that type of work is as unbiased as is often claimed. "The Nobel prize has become quite a political animal," he said, "in the disguise of being scientifically pure."
    This was the heart of the complaint from the Nobel winner Gunnar Myrdal. In a 1977 letter to a Swedish newspaper, he rejected the idea that the field of economics could claim a Nobel on the basis of its scientific rigor. Economics should concern itself with political and social needs, he argued, and he called for an end to the prize in economics. The free-market conservative Friedrich von Hayek, who shared the Nobel in economics with Myrdal in 1974 despite being his ideological opposite, agreed on that point.
Which of the following is the opinion of those who are for the Nobel Prize winners in economic sciences according to the text?
选项 A、They have applied economic theory into practices.
B、Their works reflect what is most important in economics.
C、Their researches can help people understand how societies work.
D、All of the above.
答案D
解析 细节题。选项A、B、C的相关信息都出现在第四段(贝克尔．1992年因将经济学理论扩展到对于人类行为的分析上而获得诺贝尔经济学奖。他坚持认为诺贝尔经济学奖得主的工作确实反映了经济学领域最重要的研究，而且他们的研究工作也有利于帮助我们理解社会的运作方式。)因此，D为本题的正确答案。
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