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  3. Any fair-minded assessment of the dangers of the deal between the NHS and DeepMind must start by acknowledging that both sides m

Any fair-minded assessment of the dangers of the deal between the NHS and DeepMind must start by acknowledging that both sides m

admin2022-05-13  39
问题     Any fair-minded assessment of the dangers of the deal between the NHS and DeepMind must start by acknowledging that both sides mean well. DeepMind, owned by Google’s owners, is one of the leading artificial intelligence outfits in the world. The potential of this work applied to healthcare is very great. But it could also lead to further concentration of power in the tech giants. It is against that background that the information commissioner, Elizabeth Denham, has issued her damning verdict against the Royal Free hospital trust, which handed over to DeepMind the records of 1.6 million patients in 2015 on the basis of a vague agreement which took far too little account of the patients’ rights and their expectations of privacy.
    DeepMind has almost apologized. The trust has mended its ways. Further arrangements—and there may be many—between the NHS and DeepMind will be carefully scrutinized to ensure that all necessary permissions have been asked of patients and all unnecessary data has been removed. There are lessons about informed patient consent to learn. But privacy is not the only angle in this case and not even the most important. Ms Denham chose to concentrate the blame on the NHS trust, since under existing law it "controlled" the data and DeepMind merely "processed" it. But this distinction misses the point that it is processing and aggregation, not the mere possession of bits, that gives the data value.
    The great question is who should benefit from the analysis of all the data that our lives now generate. Privacy law builds on the concept of damage to an individual from identifiable knowledge about them. That misses the way the surveillance economy works. The data of an individual gains its value only when it is compared with the data of countless millions more.
    The use of privacy law to curb the tech giants in this instance, or of competition law in the case of the EU’s dispute with Google, both feel slightly maladapted. They do not address the real worry. It is not enough to say that the algorithms DeepMind develops will benefit patients and save lives. What matters is that they will belong to a private monopoly which developed them using public resources. If software promises to save lives on the scale that drugs now can, big data may be expected to behave as big pharma has done. We are still at the beginning of this revolution and small choices now may turn out to have gigantic consequences later. A long struggle will be needed to avoid a future of digital feudalism. Ms Denham’s report is a welcome start.
The application of Artificial Intelligence to healthcare may bring about________.
选项 A、many law suits
B、violation of the patients’ rights
C、more centralization in the tech giants
D、leakage of patients’ privacy
答案C
解析 细节题。根据题干中的Artificial Intelligence、healthcare和application可定位至第一段第二、三、四句。其中，Artificial Intelligence和healthcare为原词复现，application=applied，bring about=lead to。由此可以判断答案相关句为第一段第四句But it could also lead to further concentration of power in the tech giants. “但它也可能导致科技巨头进一步集权。”与C项描述一致，故正确答案为C项；A项many law suits“许多法律诉讼”为无中生有，故排除。B项和D项是伊丽莎白.德纳姆控诉皇家自由医院信托机构的内容，与题干无关，答非所问，故亦排除。故本题答案为C项。
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