2. 考研
  3. [A]New development without plan [B]Bad effects of " sprawl [C]Seriousness of " sprawl [D]Contrast between the increase of the ra

[A]New development without plan [B]Bad effects of " sprawl [C]Seriousness of " sprawl [D]Contrast between the increase of the ra

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问题 [A]New development without plan
[B]Bad effects of " sprawl
[C]Seriousness of " sprawl
[D]Contrast between the increase of the rate of developing open space and that of population
[E]Investment in cities is reduced by the open space development
[F]The rapid rate of developing open space
[G]Disclosure of the inventory to the open space
    Since the end of World War II, a dramatic change in the American landscape has occurred as city dwellers have moved out of compact urban neighborhoods to newly built suburbs on the city’s edge.
【C1】______
    This outward migration began a fundamental shift in the pattern of development. As the population moved, urban areas began to decline, and, far too often, the roads, houses, malls and office parks in the new developments were built without anticipating how they all fit together; without making sure they provided the foundation for true neighborhoods.
【C2】______
    Today, haphazard development, urban disinvestment, and a deteriorating quality of life have come to be known simply as "sprawl". A poll released in February of this year by the Pew Center for Civic Journalism found that sprawl now ranks equally with crime as the number one local issue concerning American people. This genuine, and quite understandable, worry reflects the reality that in many areas of our country sprawl paves over the countryside, drains the vitality from our cities, and hurts our quality of life.
【C3】______
    A recent inventory from the Department of Agriculture found that the amount of open land converted to development has more than doubled on an annual basis in the last five years. Today, more than 1. 2 million hectares of our farms, forests, and open spaces are converted to development each year.
【C4】______
    The rate of developing open space far exceeds the rate of population increase. For example, since 1950 the population of the St. Louis region increased by 35 percent, but just between 1950 and 1990, as the population moved outward, the amount of developed land increased by 355 percent.
【C5】______
    The same development that is eating up open spaces is also sucking investment out of the cities. Between 1994 and 1997, a study that looked at seven metro areas in Ohio found there were 10 jobs created in the suburbs for every one in the cities. As jobs leave the cities, it becomes harder and harder for residents to find good jobs and for government to provide services.
    As we spread farther out, Americans must travel greater distances between home, work, shopping, and recreation. As a result, families depend on cars for more and more of their daily travel. While the U. S. population has been increasing about 1 percent a year, vehicle miles travelled have risen 3. 2 percent a year—more than three times the rate of population growth.
【C2】
选项
答案B
解析 考生可能会误选选项[c]。但是做此类题时，要分析上下文关系，通读完后再选择。本段第一句说sprawl(无计划的扩展侵占)所包括的范围。第二句虽然说sprawl的严重的程度，但第三句却在说反映的事实：“无计划的扩展侵占了乡村，耗尽了城市获利，损害了生活的质量，”与第一句相呼应。并且，从haphazard，deterioraring，hurts，disinvestment等负面词的重复使用，可以看出这都是sprawl带来的危害。因此，尽管第二句反映了此种现象的严重程度，但是三句整体都在说sprawl带来的负面影响，所以不选选项[C]。
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