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  3. The industrial age has been the only period of human history in which most people’s work has taken the form of jobs. The industr

The industrial age has been the only period of human history in which most people’s work has taken the form of jobs. The industr

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问题     The industrial age has been the only period of human history in which most people’s work has taken the form of jobs. The industrial age may now be coming to an end, and some of the changes in work【S1】______which it brought may have to be reversed. This seems a【S2】______thought. But, in fact, it could offer the【S3】______of a better future for work. Universal employment, as its history shows, has not meant economic freedom.
    Employment became【S4】______when the enclosures of the 17th and 18th centuries made many people dependent on paid work by depriving them of the use of the land, and thus of the means to provide a living for themselves. Then the factory system destroyed the cottage industries and【S5】______work from people’s homes. Later, as transport improved, first by rail and then by road, people commuted longer distances to their places of employment until,【S6】______, many people’s work lost all connection with their home lives and the places in which they lived.
    Meanwhile, employment put women at a disadvantage. It became【S7】______for the husband to go out to paid employment, leaving the unpaid work of the home and families to his wife.
    It was not only women whose work status【S8】______. As employment became the dominant form of work, young people and old people were【S9】______.
    All this may now have to change. The time has certainly come to switch some effort and resources away from the idealist goal of creating jobs for all, to the urgent practical task of【S10】______many people to manage without full-time jobs.
A) amazing I) helping
B) concepts J) patterns
C) customary K) prospect
D) definitely L) removed
E) deprived M) suffered
F) discouraging N) vision
G) eventually O) widespread
H) excluded
【S8】
选项
答案M
解析 空格位于定语从句中，从句中缺少谓语动词，并且从句中不带宾语，因此应填不及物动词或可不带宾语的及物动词。根据空格前的was以及前文“雇佣制使女性处于不利地位”可知，空格处应填的是表示消极意义的动词过去式。此句句意是：不仅是女性的就业状况 。excluded与deprived都是及物动词，后面需带宾语。suffered意为“受损害”既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词，符合句意，故为答案。
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大学英语四级

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