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  3. Of all the components of a good night’ s sleep, dreams seem to be least within our control. In dreams, a window opens into a wor

Of all the components of a good night’ s sleep, dreams seem to be least within our control. In dreams, a window opens into a wor

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问题     Of all the components of a good night’ s sleep, dreams seem to be least within our control. In dreams, a window opens into a world where logic is suspended and dead people speak. A century ago, Freud formulated his revolutionary theory that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and fears; by the late 1970s, neurologists had switched to thinking of them as just "mental noise" — the random byproducts of the neural-repair work that goes on during sleep.
    Now researchers suspect that dreams are part of the mind’s emotional thermostat, regulating moods while the brain is "off-line". And one leading authority says that these intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control, to help us sleep and feel better, "It’s your dream, " says Rosalind Cartwright, chair of psychology at Chicago’ s Medical Center. "If you don’t like it, change it. "
    Evidence from brain imaging supports this view. The brain is as active during REM(rapid eye movement)sleep — when most vivid dreams occur — as it is when fully awake, says Dr, Eric Nofzinger at the University of Pittsburgh. But not all parts of the brain are equally involved; the limbic system(the "emotional brain")is especially active, while the prefrontal cortex(the center of intellect and reasoning)is relatively quiet. "We wake up from dreams happy or depressed, and those feelings can stay with us all day. " says Stanford sleep researcher Dr. William Dement.
    The link between dreams and emotions shows up among the patients in Cartwright’ s clinic. Most people seem to have more bad dreams early in the night, progressing toward happier ones before awakening, suggesting that they are working through negative feelings generated during the day. Because our conscious mind is occupied with daily life we don’t always think about the emotional significance of the day’ s events — until, it appears, we begin to dream.
    And this process need not be left to the unconscious. Cartwright believes one can exercise conscious control over recurring bad dreams. As soon as you awaken, identify what is upsetting about the dream. Visualize how you would like it to end instead; the next time it occurs, try to wake up just enough to control its course. With much practice people can learn to, literally, do it in their sleep.
    At the end of the day, there’s probably little reason to pay attention to our dreams at all unless they keep us from sleeping or "we wake up in a panic, " Cartwright says. Terrorism, economic uncertainties and general feelings of insecurity have increased people’s anxiety. Those suffering from persistent nightmares should seek help from a therapist. For the rest of us, the brain has its ways of working through bad feelings. Sleep — or rather dream — on it and you’ll feel better in the morning.  
Researchers have come to believe that dreams______.
选项 A、can be modified in their courses
B、are susceptible to emotional changes
C、reflect our innermost desires and fears
D、are a random outcome of neural repairs
答案A
解析 事实细节题。根据题干中的关键词“researchers”定位到第一段第四句。通过该定位，可以排除C、D选项，这两项分别是弗洛伊德和70年代神经病学家的观点而不是现代研究者的观点。而干扰性最大的B将dreams…regulating moods替改为(dreams)susceptible to emotional changes，颠倒了梦和情绪之间的主被动关系。A项符合研究者的观点：梦可以调节人的情绪；梦这种异常强烈的精神活动不仅能被驾驭，还可以有意识地加以控制，即梦可以改变，符合研究者的观点。
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