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  3. Low levels of literacy and numeracy have a damaging impact on almost every aspect of adults, according to a survey published yes

Low levels of literacy and numeracy have a damaging impact on almost every aspect of adults, according to a survey published yes

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问题     Low levels of literacy and numeracy have a damaging impact on almost every aspect of adults, according to a survey published yesterday, which offers【1】of a developing underclass. Tests and【2】with hundreds of people born in a week in 1958 graphically illustrated the【3】of educational underachievement. The effects can be seen in unemployment, family【4】, low incomes, depression and social inactivity.
    Those who left school at 16 with poor basic skills had been employed for up to four years less than good readers【5】they reached 37. Professor John Bynner, of City University, who carried the research, said that today’s【6】teenagers would even encounter greater problems because the supply of【7】jobs had shrunk.
    Almost one fifth of the 1,700 people interviewed for yesterday’s report had poor literacy and almost half【8】with innumeracy, a proportion【9】other surveys for the Basic Skills Agency. Some could not read a child’s book, and most found difficult【10】written instruction.
    Poor readers were twice as likely to be a low wage and four times likely to live in a household where partners worked. Women in this【11】were five times as likely to be【12】depressed,【13】both tended to feel they had no control over their lives, and to trust others【14】.
    Those who had low literacy and numeracy were seldom【15】in any community organization and less likely than others to【16】in a general election. There had been no【17】in the literary level of【18】reporting problems.
    Alan Wells, the agency’s director, said: “ The results emphasize the dangers of developing an underclass people, who were out of work,【19】depressed and often labeled themselves as【20】. There is a circle of marginalization, with the dice against these people and their families.”  
选项 A、improvement
B、advancement
C、development
D、increase
答案A
解析 语义衔接题。四个选项意思相近，均有“证明，证据”之意，到底选用哪个，就需要从其不同的用法来辨别。[A]proof与[D]evidence尤为相近，但前者着重强调“事件或迹象的真实性”，而后者则既可强调“事件或迹象存在”又可强调其“真实性”，本句的意思是调查证明下层阶级存在，因此evidence比较恰当。[B]witness多指“某事件的目击者，证人”，[C]testimony则指“证词、见证”，均与此处语义不能衔接。
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