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  3. Judging from recent surveys, most experts in sleep behavior agree that there is virtually an epidemic of sleepiness in the natio

Judging from recent surveys, most experts in sleep behavior agree that there is virtually an epidemic of sleepiness in the natio

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问题    Judging from recent surveys, most experts in sleep behavior agree that there is virtually an epidemic of sleepiness in the nation. "I can’t think of a single study that hasn’t found Americans getting less sleep than they ought to," says Dr David. Even people who think they are sleeping enough would probably be better off with more rest.
   The beginning of our sleep-deficit crisis can be traced to the invention of the light bulb a century ago. From diary entries and other personal accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries, sleep scientists have reached the conclusion that the average person used to sleep about 9. 5 hours a night. "The best sleep habits once were forced on us, when we had nothing to do in the evening down on the farm, and it was dark." By the 1950s and 1960s, that sleep schedule had been reduced dramatically, to between 7.5 and 8 hours, and most people had to wake to an alarm clock. "People cheat on their sleep, and they don’t even realize they’re doing it," says Dr David. "They think they’re okay because they can get by on 6.5 hours, when they really need 7.5, 8 hours or even more to feel ideally vigorous."
   Perhaps the most merciless rubber of sleep, researchers say, is the complexity of the day. When ever pressures from work, family, friends and community mount, many people consider sleep the least expensive item on his programme. "In our society, you’re considered dynamic if you say you only need 5.5 hours’ sleep. If you’ve got to get 8.5 hours, people think you lack drive and ambition."
   To determine the consequences of sleep deficit, researchers have put subjects through a set of psychological and performance tests requiring them, for instance, to add columns of numbers or recall a passage read to them only minutes earlier. "We’ve found that if you’re in sleep deficit, performance suffers," says Dr David. "Short-term memory is weakened, as are abilities to make decisions and to concentrate."
It can he concluded from the passage that one should sleep as many hours as necessary to ______.
选项 A、improve one’s memory dramatically
B、be considered dynamic by other people
C、maintain one’s daily schedule
D、feel energetic and perform adequately
答案D
解析 分析推理题。文章一直在分析现代美国人睡眠不足的原因及由此引发的一些问题如精力不充沛、表现不好、记忆力削弱、作出决定的能力和注意力减弱等，通过专家的话与例子，表达出了要读者注意保持睡眠充足的观点。所以保持睡眠充足的目的当然是为了保持充沛的精力、提高日常工作效率等，选 [D] 。也可。由常识判定答案。
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