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  3. The promise of finding long-term technological solutions to the problem of world food shortages seems difficult to fulfill Many

The promise of finding long-term technological solutions to the problem of world food shortages seems difficult to fulfill Many

admin2010-07-06  36
问题      The promise of finding long-term technological solutions to the problem of world food shortages seems difficult to fulfill Many innovations that were once heavily supported and publicized have since fallen by the wayside. The proposals themselves were technically feasible, but they proved to be economically unenviable and to yield food products culturally unacceptable to their consumers.
     One characteristic common to unsuccessful food innovations has been that, even with extensive government support, they often have not been technologically adapted or culturally acceptable to the people for whom they had been developed. A successful new technology, therefore, must fit the entire sociocultural system in which it is to find a place Security of crop yield, practicality of storage, and costs are much more significant than what had previously been realized by the advocates of new technologies.
     The adoption of new food technologies depends on more than these technical and cultural considerations; economic factors and governmental policies also strongly influence the ultimate success of any innovation. Economists in the Anglo-American tradition have taken the lead in investigating the economics of technological innovation. Although they exaggerate in claiming that profitability is the key factor guiding technical change -- they completely disregard the substantial effects of culture—they are correct in stressing the importance of profits. Most technological innovations in agriculture can be fully used only by large landowners and are only adopted if these profit-oriented business people believe that the innovation will increase their incomes, Thus innovations that carry high rewards for big agribusiness groups will be adopted even if they harm segments of the population and reduce the availability of food in a country. Further, should s new technology promise to alter substantially the profits and losses associated with any production system, those with economic power will strive to maintain and improve their own positions. Therefore, although technical advances in food production and processing will perhaps be needed to ensure food availability, meeting food needs will depend much more on equalizing economic power among the various segments of the populations within the developing countries themselves.  
The text indicates that ______.
选项 A、we are lack of food innovations
B、many economists are wrong in investigating the economics of technological innovations
C、profit-oriented business people believe that innovation can increase their incomes
D、we cannot disregard the effects of culture in guiding technical change
答案D
解析 分析推理题。文章指出曾经有过许多新技术，因此A 是不对的；B 与第三段第二、三两句的意思(尤其是后一句中的correct一词)不符；C 与第三段第四句的意思不符(这一句中用的是if引出的条件句，说明if后的内容即C 并非事实)。只有D 可由第一段最后一句和第二段第一、二句的意思推知。
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