首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
With euro hills and coins now circulating across much of Europe, the European Monetary Union is fully in place. The post-World W
With euro hills and coins now circulating across much of Europe, the European Monetary Union is fully in place. The post-World W
admin
2010-01-07
61
问题
With euro hills and coins now circulating across much of Europe, the European Monetary Union is fully in place. The post-World War Ⅱ European leaders’ dream of an economically and politically unified continent is one large step closer to realization, and membership in the monetary union could easily grow to 20 or more countries from the current 12 as the larger European Union expands to the east. A fully operational European Monetary Union does not come, however, with a guarantee of success. There is one enormous problem: This union creates a single monetary policy for a group of quite different national economies that often experience divergent business-cycle patterns.
As long as business-cycle conditions differ significantly among European Monetary Union countries, there is no way for the central bank’s policies to avoid creating serious problems for some members. The patterns of economic ups and downs remain far more diverse in the European Monetary Union countries, and it is not clear that this will change soon. The designers of the monetary union thought that the imposition of a single monetary policy, combined with free trade among the members, would cause cyclical conditions to converge quickly, producing a unified group of economies.
A 1997 agreement also limits the power of the individual nations in the European Monetary Union to use government spending or tax cuts to ease national downturns. They can be fined if they run budget deficits of more than 3 percent of their gross domestic products. No fines have been levied yet, but the threat is there.
Even if the economies of the original European Monetary Union members become more similar in their cyclical behavior, it will take far longer for the convergence to include the new member nations expected to come in within the next 10 or 15 years. The chances for consensus on the Governing Council, however thin now, will become far more distant with more members representing divergent national economies. And the larger nations, like Germany, France and Italy, might well resent the power of representatives from much smaller nations to outvote them on monetary policy.
All of this does not mean that the European Monetary Union is likely to fail. But clearly the arrival of the euro as the standard currency does not guarantee the union’s success.
What is the main idea of Para. 4?
选项
A、Original European Monetary Union members become more similar in their cyclical behavior.
B、New member nations will challenge the originals’ authority.
C、Germany, France and Italy resent the joining of new nations into the European Monetary Union.
D、There are lots of difficulties to reach consensus in monetary policy.
答案
D
解析
根据本段意思可做出此判断。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/ocPd777K
本试题收录于:
公共英语四级笔试题库公共英语(PETS)分类
0
公共英语四级笔试
公共英语(PETS)
相关试题推荐
Howmayplanetsarethereinthesolarsystemrevolvingaroundthesun?
You’dthinkthatiftheSanAndreasFaultwenttothetroubleofhavingaperfectlygoodearthquake,thefolksontheUSWestCo
ToproducetheupheavalintheUnitedStatesthatchangedandmodernizedthedomainofhighereducationfromthemid-1860’sto
ToproducetheupheavalintheUnitedStatesthatchangedandmodernizedthedomainofhighereducationfromthemid-1860’sto
YouwillhearaconversationbetweenMissGreen,aneducationaljournalist,andProfessorWilson,anexpertineducationalstudi
ThepagesoftheHarvardBusinessReviewarenotusuallypopulatedbynovelists.ButJosephFinderisjustsuchararity.Recent
ThetramsthatglidethroughCroydonbydayareevocativeofcontinentalEurope.Theloudandsometimesviolentdrunkennessamon
Manyuniversitystudents【C1】______studyinghistorybecausethereislittletogetexcitedaboutwhenhistoricaleventsareprese
随机试题
试述遗嘱继承与遗赠的异同。
对淋病描述错误的是
6岁女孩,反复颜面浮肿、腹胀伴尿少20天,血压120/80mmHg,腹部移动性浊音阳性。尿蛋白(++++),镜检红细胞10~12个/HP,白细胞0~2个/HP,血白蛋白25g/L,胆固醇7.6mmol/L,血ASO200U,血尿素氮10.3mmol/L,补
某男,29岁。脘闷不舒,纳呆恶心,时吐痰涎,头晕目眩,苔腻,脉滑。辨证为
某新建商店建筑,地上5层,地下2层,室内、外设计地面标高均为±0.00m,层高均为5.6m,每层建筑面积为2000m2,首层至地上五层均设有商店营业厅,地下一层和地下二层设有设备用房,其中地下二层设有汽车库。下列说法中,错误的是()。
2000年陈老太太将20万元借给了老曹,2010年老曹才将20万元还给了陈老太太,因通货膨胀导致这20万元仅相当于当年一半的购买力,则这十年的通货膨胀率平均大概是()。
资料:(1)单位产品标准成本如下表所示。本企业该产品正常生产能力为1000小时,制造费用均按人工工时分配。(2)本月实际产量20件,实际耗用材料900千克,实际人工工时950小时,实际成本如下表所示。要求:计算变动制
市场的功能主要包括()。
假定经济体的总量生产函数为Y=K0.5L0.5,在2012年,人均产出为4,投资率为0.5,劳动增长率为1%,资本折旧率为9%。(2014年中山大学801经济学)画图分析这个经济体人均产出的可能变动趋势。
Throughoutthehistoryoflife,speciesoflivingcreatureshavemadeuseofchemicalenergybytheslowcombinationofcertain
最新回复
(
0
)