A、People should do more running than mere walking. B、Running is the best exercise for extending one’s life. C、People should exer

"One 60-minute run can add seven hours to your life." This was a claim made by The Times last week. The claim was based on a new review of studies about the effects of running. The review concluded that on average runners live three years longer than non-runners and that running does more to extend life than any other form of exercise. But there’s more to running than its health benefits. Research published in recent years has shown that running changes your brain and mind in some fascinating ways, from increasing your brain function to regulating your emotions. However, the precise effects vary according to whether you engage in short, fast running or long-distance running.
For example, in one study, researchers compared participants’ ability to learn new words after several minutes of intense running and after 40 minutes of gentle running. Participants were able to learn 20 percent faster after the intense running and they showed a superior memory when tested again a week later.
In another study, researchers asked volunteers to jog for 30 minutes and then showed them clips from a sad movie. Participants who usually struggled to handle negative emotions were more intensely affected by the sad clips, just as you’d expect. But crucially, this was less so if they had completed the 30-minute jog. The researchers said moderate exercise appears to have helped those participants to be less vulnerable to the impact
of the sad movie.
19. What did the new review of studies claim?
20. What is one effect that running has on people according to recent research?
21. What did another study find about the participants after they had a 30-minute jog?