首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Suppose you go into a fruiterer’s shop, wanting an apple—you take up one, and on biting it you find it is sour; you look at it,
Suppose you go into a fruiterer’s shop, wanting an apple—you take up one, and on biting it you find it is sour; you look at it,
admin
2017-08-15
41
问题
Suppose you go into a fruiterer’s shop, wanting an apple—you take up one, and on biting it you find it is sour; you look at it, and see that it is hard and green. You take up another one, and that, too, is hard, green, and sour. The shopman offers you a third; but, before biting it, you examine it, and find that it is hard and green, and you immediately say that you will not have it, as it must be sour, like those that you have already tried.
Nothing can be more simple than that, you think; but if you will take the trouble to analyze and trace out into its logical elements what has been done by the mind, you will be greatly surprised. In the first place you have performed the operation of induction. You find that, in two experiences, hardness and greenness in apples went together with sourness. It was so in the first case, and it was confirmed by the second. True, it is a very small basis, but still it is enough from which to make an induction; you generalize the facts, and you expect to find sourness in apples where you get hardness and greenness. You found upon that a general law, that all hard and green apples are sour; and that, so far as it goes, is a perfect induction. Well, having got your natural law in this way, when you are offered another apple which you find it hard and green, you say, "all hard and green apples are sour; this apple is hard and green; therefore, this apple is sour." That train of reasoning is what logicians call a syllogism, and has all its various parts and terms—its major premises, its minor premises, and its conclusion. And by the help of further reasoning, which, if drawn out, would have to be exhibited in two or three other syllogisms, you arrive at your final determination, "I will not have that apple." So that, you see, you have, in the first place, established a law by induction, and upon that you have founded a deduction, and reasoned out the special particular case.
Well now, suppose, having got your conclusion of the law, that at some times afterwards, you are discussing the qualities of apple with a friend; you will say to him, "It is a very curious thing, but I find that all hard and green apples are sour!" Your friend says to you, "But how do you know that?" You at once reply, "Oh, because I have tried them over and over again, and have always found them to be so." Well, if we are talking science instead of common sense, we should call that an experimental verification. And, if still opposed, you go further, and say, "I have heard from people, in Somerset shire and Devon shire, where a large number of apples are grown, and in London, where many apples are sold and eaten, that they have observed the same thing." It is also found to be the case in Normandy, and in North America. In short, I find it to be the universal experience of mankind wherever attention has been directed to the subject. Whereupon, your friend, unless he is a very unreasonable man, agrees with you, and is convinced that you are quite right in the conclusion you have drawn. He believes, although perhaps he does not know he believes it, that the more extensive verifications have been made, and results of the same kind arrived at—that the more varied the conditions under which the same results are attained, the more certain is the ultimate conclusion, and he disputes the question no further. He sees that the experiment has been tried under all sorts of conditions, as to time, place, and people, with the same result; and he says with you, therefore, that the law you have laid down must be a good one, and he must believe it.
The writer is probably ______.
选项
A、French
B、English
C、American
D、None of the above
答案
B
解析
本题可参照文章倒数第2段。从中可知作者引用了地名Somerset shire and Devon shire,London,Normandy和North America,由此可以看出作者是英国人。因此B项为正确答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/p7FO777K
0
考博英语
相关试题推荐
Theenergycrisis,whichisbeingfeltaroundtheworld,hasdramatizedhowthecarelessuseoftheearth’sresourceshasbrough
Sinceateacher’sresponseonastudent’spaperispotentiallyaninfluentialtextinawritingclass,weneedtoexamineourpra
Virtuallyeverythingastronomersknownaboutobjectsoutsidethesolarsystemisbasedonthedetectionofphotons—quantaofele
TheJapanesedesireformarriagehadbeenverystrong,inthefifth"worldyouthattitudesurvey"【C1】______bytheManagementand
Despitedecadesofscientificresearch,nooneyetknowshowmuchdamagehumanactivityisdoingtotheenvironment.Humansare
Supposeyougointoafruiterer’sshop,wantinganapple-youtakeupone,andonbitingityoufinditissour;youlookatit,
Anycountryhasgoodreasontowantitscitizenstobeashealthyaspossible,sinceoneofitsgreatestresourcesisanactive
Developmentalpsychologistsoftenciteyellingatchildrenas______andapoorwaytohelpthemlearn.
A、TheOperaHouse.B、TheConcertHall.C、TheFamilyTheater.D、TheStatesGallery.B文中说:肯尼迪中心分为几个表演区,音乐厅是最大的表演区。
About60percentofLibyanswenttothepollstoelecttheirrepresentativesandthen_______thestreetsincelebration.
随机试题
病理解剖时如有动物体的渗出物溅入眼内,可用下列哪种冲洗
牛蒡子的别名叫
人民法庭决定开庭审理,应当在开庭,()日以前通知人民检察院开庭的时间、地点,()日以前送达传票和通知书;公开审判的案件,在开庭()日以前先期公布案由、被告人姓名:
在HDPE膜焊缝上涂肥皂水,检测焊缝有无泄漏的方法是()检测法。
因甲市某区阳光小区进行旧城改造,区政府作出《关于做好阳光小区旧城改造房屋拆迁补偿安置工作的通知》,王某等人对该通知不服,向区政府申请行政复议,要求撤销该通知。区政府作出《行政复议告知书》,告知王某等人向甲市政府申请复议。甲市政府作出《行政复议决定书》,认为
德国音乐大师贝多芬一生饱受贫困、耳聋、失恋的痛苦折磨,却为世界创造出卓越的作品,下列属于贝多芬代表作的有()。
下列选项不构成立功的有
有如下函数模板:templateTcast(Uu){returnu;}其功能是将U类型数据转换为T类型数据。已知i为int型变量,下列对模板函数cast的调用中正确的是()。
______humanproblemsthatrepeatthemselvesin______liferepeatthemselvesin______literature.
Weneedareasonablecombinationofhealthyeatingandregularexercise.Thatwillimproveyourhealth,helpsprevent【11】andlet
最新回复
(
0
)