首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Chronobiology might sound a little futuristic — like something from a science fiction novel, perhaps - but it’s actually a field
Chronobiology might sound a little futuristic — like something from a science fiction novel, perhaps - but it’s actually a field
admin
2022-06-18
383
问题
Chronobiology might sound a little futuristic — like something from a science fiction novel, perhaps - but it’s actually a field of study that concerns one of the oldest processes life on this planet has ever known: short-term rhythms of time and their effect on flora and fauna.
This can take many forms. Marine life, for example, is influenced by tidal patterns. Animals tend to be active or inactive depending on the position of the sun or moon. Numerous creatures, humans included, are largely diurnal — that is, they like to come out during the hours of sunlight.
Nocturnal
animals, such as bats and possums, prefer to forage by night. A third group are known as crepuscular: they thrive in the low- light of dawn and dusk and remain inactive at other hours.
When it comes to humans, chrono-biologists are interested in what is known as the circadian rhythm. This is the complete cycle our bodies are naturally geared to undergo within the passage of a twenty-four-hour day. Aside from sleeping at night and waking during the day, each cycle involves many other factors such as changes in blood pressure and body temperature. Not everyone has an identical circadian rhythm. ’Night people’, for example, often describe how they find it very hard to operate during the morning, but become alert and focused by evening. This is a benign variation within circadian rhythms known as a chronotype.
Scientists have limited abilities to create durable modifications of chronobiological demands. Recent therapeutic developments for humans such as artificial light machines and melatonin administration can reset our circadian rhythms, for example, but our bodies can tell the difference and health suffers when we breach these natural rhythms for extended periods of time. Plants appear no more malleable in this respect; studies demonstrate that vegetables grown in season and ripened on the tree are far higher in essential nutrients than those grown in greenhouses and ripened by laser.
Knowledge of chronobiological patterns can have many pragmatic implications for our day-to-day lives. While contemporary living can sometimes appear to subjugate biology — after all, who needs circadian rhythms when we have caffeine pills, energy drinks, shift work and cities that never sleep? — keeping in synch with our body clock is important.
The average urban resident, for example, rouses at the eye-blearing time of 6.04 a.m., which researchers believe to be far too early. One study found that even rising at 7.00 a.m. has deleterious effects on health unless exercise is performed for 30 minutes afterward. The optimum moment has been whittled down to 7.22 a.m.; muscle aches, headaches and moodiness were reported to be lowest by participants in the study who awoke then.
Once you’re up and ready to go, what then? If you’re trying to shed some extra pounds, dieticians are adamant: never skip breakfast. This disorients your circadian rhythm and puts your body in starvation mode. The recommended course of action is to follow an intense workout with a carbohydrate-rich breakfast; the other way round and weight loss results are not as pronounced.
Morning is also great for breaking out the vitamins. Supplement absorption by the body is not temporal-dependent, but naturopath Pam Stone notes that the extra boost at breakfast helps us get energized for the day ahead. For improved absorption, Stone suggests pairing supplements with a food in which they are soluble and steering clear of caffeinated beverages. Finally, Stone warns to take care with storage; high potency is best for absorption, and warmth and humidity are known to deplete the potency of a supplement.
After-dinner espressos are becoming more of a tradition — we have the Italians to thank for that — but to prepare for a good night’s sleep we are better off putting the brakes on caffeine consumption as early as 3 p.m. With a seven-hour half-life, a cup of coffee containing 90 mg of caffeine taken at this hour could still leave 45 mg of caffeine in your nervous system at ten o’clock that evening. It is essential that, by the time you are ready to sleep, your body is rid of all traces.
Evenings are important for winding down before sleep; however, dietician Geraldine Georgeou warns that an after-five carbohydrate-fast is more cultural myth than chronobiological demand. This will deprive your body of vital energy needs. Overloading your gut could lead to indigestion, though. Our digestive tracts do not shut down for the night entirely, but their work slows to a crawl as our bodies prepare for sleep. Consuming a modest snack should be entirely sufficient.
Which of the following is the best title of this easy?
选项
A、Making time for science
B、About chronobiology
C、How to shed your extra pounds
D、Caffeine and sleep
答案
A
解析
全文先介绍了什么是时间生物学,然后就时间生物学的研究给出了许多时间安排方面的建议。B、C、D都只是文章中的部分内容。答案为A。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/pBuO777K
本试题收录于:
CATTI三级笔译综合能力题库翻译专业资格(CATTI)分类
0
CATTI三级笔译综合能力
翻译专业资格(CATTI)
相关试题推荐
"LayersofSocialClass"Takentogether,income,occupation,andeducationaregoodmeasuresofpeople’ssocialstanding.Usi
MexicanMuralArtP1:ThefirstmajormodernartmovementinLatinAmericawasMexicanmuralism,whichfeaturedlarge-scalewall
AttemptsatDeterminingEarth’sAgeP1:Sincethedawnofcivilization,peoplehavebeencuriousabouttheageofEarth.What’s
AThelargestoftheterrestrialBcarnivore,bearshavemassiveCbodies,moderate-sizedheads,andtinyDtails.
_____commonusageamongeconomists,theterm"naturalrate"ismisleading.
IfyouAwanttostartanexerciseprogram,BrememberthateitheraerobicsorcyclingCareexcellentDforconditioning.
Readthefollowingpassage.TheUnitedStatescurrentlyhashigh-speedrailwaylinesontheEastCoastofthecountry.TheE
With2005fastbecoming"theyearofthenaturaldisaster",itistimetoreflectonhowengineering,scienceandtechnologycan
-IwanttoseeMr.Smith.Wehaveanappointment.-I’msorry,butheisnot______atthemoment,forthemeetinghasn’tended.
Herhouseiswithin______fromthepolicestation.
随机试题
下列属大体积混凝土温度裂缝的是()。
升华指一个人将受挫后的心理压抑向符合社会规范的、具有建设性意义的方向抒发的心理反应。根据上述定义,下列属于升华的是:
ZA-312型大钩的起重量是()。
胃溃疡底部最常见动脉内血栓机化,该处血栓形成的最主要机制是()
根据《劳动防护用品监督管理规定》的有关规定,劳动防护用品生产企业所生产的特种劳动防护用品,必须取得特种劳动防护用品(),否则不得生产和销售。
下列不属于基金管理人后台部门的是()。Ⅰ.清算部门Ⅱ.投资部门Ⅲ.研究部门Ⅳ.产品研发部门
有一种捉猴子的陷阱,即把椰子挖空,然后用绳子绑起来,接在树上或固定在地上,椰子上留了一个小洞,洞里放了一些食物。洞口大小恰好只能让猴子空着手伸进去,而无法握着拳头伸出来,于是猴子闻香而来,将它的手伸进去抓食物,理所当然地,紧握的拳头便缩不出洞口,当猎人来时
某些经济学家是大学数学系的毕业生。因此,某些大学数学系的毕业生是对企业经营很有研究的人。下列哪项如果为真,则能够保证上述论断的正确?
ROM主要用于永久保存路由器的开机诊断程序、()和()软件。
AnewWorldBankstudysaysinternationalmigrationhelpsreducepovertyindevelopingnations.Atthesametime,however,many
最新回复
(
0
)