首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
What does a scientist do when he or she "explains" something? Scientific explanation comes in two forms; generalization and redu
What does a scientist do when he or she "explains" something? Scientific explanation comes in two forms; generalization and redu
admin
2014-04-23
54
问题
What does a scientist do when he or she "explains" something? Scientific explanation comes in two forms; generalization and reduction. Most psychologists deal with generalization. They explain particular instances of behavior as examples of general laws. For instance, most psychologists would explain a pathologically strong fear of dogs as an example of classical conditioning. Presumably, the person was frightened earlier in life by a dog. An unpleasant stimulus was paired with the sight of the animal [perhaps the person was knocked down by an exuberant (充满 活力的) dog] and the subsequent sight of dogs evokes the earlier response—fear.
Most physiologists deal with reduction. Phenomena are explained in terms of simpler phenomena. For example, the movement of a muscle is explained in terms of changes in the membrane (薄膜,隔膜) of muscle cells, entry of particular chemicals, and interactions between protein molecules within these cells. A molecular biologist would "explain" these events in terms of forces that bind various molecules together and cause various parts of these molecules to be attracted to one another.
The task of physiological psychology is to "explain" behavior in physiological terms. Like other scientists, physiological psychologists believe that all natural phenomena—including human behavior—are subject to the laws of physics. Thus, the laws of behavior can be reduced to descriptions of physiological processes.
How does one study the physiology of behavior? Physiological psychologists cannot simply be reductionists. It is not enough to observe behaviors and correlate them with physiological events that occur at the same time. Identical behaviors, under different conditions, may occur for different reasons, and thus be initiated by different physiological mechanisms- this means that we must understand "psychologically" why a particular behavior occurs before we can understand what physiological events made it occur.
The author implies that which of the following is the type of scientific explanation most likely used by a molecular biologist?
选项
A、Experimentation.
B、Reduction.
C、Interaction.
D、Generalization
答案
C
解析
文中第二段最后一句说:“分子生物学家会用将各个分子束缚在一起并使这些分子的各个部分相互吸引的力来解释这些现象。”根据科学常识,我们很容易判断出正确答案是C。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/pIWO777K
0
在职攻硕英语联考
相关试题推荐
Theteacher’sbehaviorandthestudent’sresponse______whatmanypeoplehavesaidaboutlanguagelearning.
Mostepisodesofabsent-mindedness—forgettingwhereyouleftsomethingorwonderingwhyyoujustenteredaroom—arecausedbya
Whensolidchangestoliquid,it______heatfromallsubstancesnearitandthisreducesthetemperaturesurroundingit.
Whilewatchingtelevision,______.
She______thehighunemploymentfiguresasevidenceofthefailureofthegovernmentpolicy.
Neverbeforehasflyingbeensocontroversial.Inthespaceoftwoyears,theenvironmentaldamagedonebyplaneshasgonefrom
Thereisnosubstituteforeducation.Thereisnosubstituteforwisdom.Eachgenerationowesittoitselfandtoitsposterity
Whatdoesthescientistthinkofhumancloning?
Withitsanti-terrorismcampaigntaking______overanythingelse,thegovernmentisextendingitsjobandrunninginmoreaffai
Socialchangeismorelikelytooccurinsocietieswherethereisamixtureofdifferentkindsofpeoplethaninsocietieswhere
随机试题
锯条上锯齿的粗细以25.4mm长度内锯齿的齿数来表示。()
设二维随机向量(ξ,η)的联合分布律为,则有()
A、月经前或月经来潮6小时内进行诊断性刮宫B、月经干净后3天进行诊断性刮宫C、在月经第3天进行诊断性刮宫D、在月经第5天进行诊断性刮宫E、月经周期任何日期内均可进行诊断性刮宫诊断无排卵型功血者( )。
患者,女,56岁。阴部奇痒干涩7天,五心烦热,腰疫腿软,舌红少苔,脉细数。治疗应首选( )。
下列叙述中,( )不属于《安全生产法》关于安全生产规程的要求。
根据土地增值税法律制度的规定,纳税人建造普通标准住宅出售,增值额未超过扣除项目金额()的,免征土地增值税。(2015年)
Someonesays,"Timeismoney."ButIthinktimeis【C1】______importantthanmoney.Why?Becausewhenmoneyisspent,wecanget
在新课程中,课程评价主要是为了“筛选”适合教育的儿童,从而促进儿童的发展。()
毛泽东人民战争战略战术思想的核心是积极防御的思想。()
Readthearticlebelowaboutteam-building.Choosethecorrectwordtofilleachgap,fromA,BorC.Foreachquestion2
最新回复
(
0
)