首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The Purpose of Literary Analysis I . Introduction —making readers appreciate【T1】of literary works【T1】______ —relating literatur
The Purpose of Literary Analysis I . Introduction —making readers appreciate【T1】of literary works【T1】______ —relating literatur
admin
2016-05-30
59
问题
The Purpose of Literary Analysis
I . Introduction
—making readers appreciate【T1】of literary works【T1】______
—relating literature to both reader’s own life and
general【T2】【T2】______
II. Purpose of literary analysis
A. Discovering the author’s basic premises:
comprehending the author’s basic intellectual premises
and fundamental【T3】【T3】______
1)ways to guarantee successful【T4】by the author【T4】______
—offering an explicit【T5】of his convictions【T5】______
—giving descriptions and【T6】【T6】______
2)deriving abstract premises by analyzing【T7】【T7】______
B. Attaining【T8】from the literary work【T8】______
1)gaining positive or negative【T9】into reader’s【T9】______
own life
2)a process of【T10】discrimination【T10】______
C. A relevance to universal human condition or widespread
human endeavor in an implicit or【T11】way【T11】______
1)【T12】: George Orwell’s 1984【T12】______
2)what readers do:
—recognizing general human condition on the basis of
【T13】【T13】______
—gaining a comprehensive understanding of the theme
even if they【T14】【T14】______
III. Conclusion
Literary analysis is a(n)【T15】approach that【T15】______
offers readers answers or solutions to their questions and
dilemmas.
【T8】
The Purpose of Literary Analysis
Good morning, everyone. Today I’d like to talk about literary analysis, and specifically, its purpose.
We all know that for the millennia during which literature has existed, scholars, intellectuals, and lay people have unceasingly engaged in the act of analyzing it. Whatever the variety of analytical approaches to literature might be, literary analysis is in itself a universal necessity when approaching a text, and cannot be escaped on some level.(1)Literary analysis enables readers to fully grasp the core abstractions which an author has bestowed upon his work.(2)Furthermore, it is indispensable in rendering the literature relevant, both to the individual’s own life and to an understanding of the universal human condition.
(3)When any author creates a work of literature, he does so starting with a set of basic intellectual premises, foundational assumptions that permeate the entirety of his work. The author has chosen to create a work of literature as a vehicle for transmitting those premises to his readers. On their own, as floating abstractions detached from the empirical observation and the detailed logical reasoning, the author’s premises cannot be readily communicated to a reader who does not grasp them already.(4)An author who holds individualism as a basic premise, for example, will find difficulty in communicating it by simply stating, "I believe in individualism."(5)If, however, he offers a lucid analysis of the superiority of individualism over the alternatives, which is filled with realistic examples of why this is so, then his convictions become far more persuasive. Better yet, he might write a story, a series of rationally structured fictional events, which a reader could approach as if it were a concrete experience. All knowledge, at its root, is derived from sensory experience and observation.(6)Thus, a work of literature, by recreating an environment of observation through the events and descriptions within it, aims to allow the reader to tap into the source of the premises the author seeks to communicate. Thereby, the reader is given the foundation from which to proceed in understanding and identifying with the author’s abstract ideas.
When the reader sees a literary text before him, the author has already done the work of translating his guiding premises into a concrete presentation. The task of the reader, then, becomes to fathom the concrete presentation in such a manner as to derive the abstract premises from it, thereby participating in an act of intellectual discovery which the author has facilitated for him. All literary analysis is, in essence, such a process of discovery.(7)It aims toward an understanding of the author’s guiding abstractions by identifying literary concretes: the characters, events, descriptions, dialogues, and stated ideas of a narrative, and discerning their relevance to the work as a whole and its central themes. Whereas, in writing a work of literature, the author begins at the abstract level and, from it, crafts the concretes of his narrative, the reader must begin at the concrete level and reach the level of abstraction via literary analysis.
Furthermore, a work of literary merit must offer an insight, principle, or example valuable to the individual reader.(8)Aside from discovering the author’s intentions and guiding principles in writing a work, the reader must inquire of himself, " What benefits to my own life and understanding might I extract from this text?"(9)The insights the reader might seek to derive through literary analysis can be positive or negative. A text can offer models to emulate, or examples of what not to apply to one’s own life. The reader can even disagree with the author’s worldview or ideas of desirable conduct and, through literary analysis, discover the root of his divergence from the author. In this respect, the undertaking of literary analysis is necessarily didactic, even if the author did not create his text with a didactic purpose.(10)Literary analysis is a process of cognitive discrimination, in that the reader must be selective in what he does and does not derive from the author’s premises. In analyzing a text, the reader interacts with these premises by filtering them through his own.
Aside from individual relevance, a worthy work of literature has a universal relevance, either to an aspect at the core of the general human condition, or at the root of some widespread field of human endeavor.(11)The author, as a human being, enters the writing process with certain assumptions, implicit or explicit, regarding a set of universal human themes, including the nature of life, consciousness, volition, and human action, the meaning and possibility of success and happiness, and the status of the individual himself. In addition, the author might hold a set of views which are more narrowly targeted, but still potentially relevant to a wide variety of human beings.(12)While the conflict between the individual and the almighty totalitarian state in George Orwell’s 1984, for example, is not a historical universal, Orwell used it to arrive at an understanding of the meaning of a universal human concept, freedom. He then used this understanding to analyze, through the eyes of Winston Smith, the manner in which a totalitarian state necessarily robs an individual of his freedom and, by implication, his very humanity.(13)The task of the reader in conducting literary analysis becomes to discover the pathway by which the specifics of a given literary presentation can arrive at truths which are relevant to humans in general. The truths thus discovered will transcend the accidents of time, culture, history, and geographical location.(14)Furthermore, such a comprehensive universal understanding is valuable irrespective of the reader’s agreement with the author’s approach to the human condition. If the reader is of a different opinion, he can simply use his knowledge of the author’s worldview to pinpoint where and how he disagrees with it. Thus, the reader, through literary analysis, will still attain his own positive understanding of the essential and inescapable issues pertaining to man.
Therefore, we can see there are mainly three purposes of literary analysis: to discover the author’s basic premises, to attain individual value from the literary work, and to derive from it knowledge concerning the universal human condition.(15)Literary analysis, like any other systematic approach to things, offers the demystification of ideas and of reality. Instead of being perpetually confined by a set of irresolvable questions and dilemmas, man can obtain the answers through literary analysis, by means of a deliberate, targeted, rational treatment of the text.
Today I’ve talked about the purpose of literary analysis. I hope my lecture can help you better appreciate literature. That’s it for today.
选项
答案
individual value
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/ph7O777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
Wheredoesmoralitycomefrom?ThroughoutthehistoryofWesterncivilizationthinkershaveusuallyansweredeitherthatitcome
WhenIwasgrowingup,Iwasembarrassedtobeseenwithmyfather.Hewasseverelycrippledandveryshort,andwhenwewouldw
WhenIwasgrowingup,Iwasembarrassedtobeseenwithmyfather.Hewasseverelycrippledandveryshort,andwhenwewouldw
Therearemorethan300millionofusintheUnitedStates,andsometimesitseemslikewe’reallfriendsonFacebook.Butthes
IntheUnitedStates,______isthefastestgrowingfuel.
TheproblemofacidrainoriginatedwiththeIndustrialRevolution,andithasbeengrowingeversince.Themoreaccuratescie
我不敢说生命是什么,我只能说生命像什么。生命像向东流的一江春水,他从最高处发源,冰雪是他的前身。他聚集起许多细流,合成一股有力的洪涛,向下奔注,他曲折的穿过了悬崖峭壁,冲倒了层沙积土,挟卷着滚滚的沙石,快乐勇敢地流走,一路上他享受着他所遭遇的一切
PASSAGEONE
PASSAGETHREEWhydoesachimpstepintostopafightbetweentwoothers?
PASSAGETWO
随机试题
下列关于水喷雾灭火系统保护对象的保护面积说法,错误的是()。
A.疼痛常固定于病变局部且常有压痛B.疼痛常在胸廓的下部或前部,在胸廓活动明显时加重C.胸痛常在心前区或胸骨后方,可放射到左肩或腹部D.疼痛常在肋缘或斜方肌处有放射痛E.胸痛多位于下胸部胸壁疾病的疼痛特点是
男性,18岁。外伤致手指夹捏功能明显丧失,手指屈曲活动不协调,手的握力减弱,环、小指呈爪形手畸形。表明可能存在
某药店《药品经营许可证》核定的经营范围是“中成药、中药饮片、化学药制剂、抗生素制剂”。供货商提供的《药品经营许可证》中核定的经营范围是“生化药品、中药材、中药饮片、生物制品(不含预防性生物制品)、化学原料药、中成药、化学药制剂、抗生素制剂、第二类精神药品制
一个信号源的电压US=40V,内阻R0=200Ω,通过理想变压器接RL=8Ω的负载。为了使负载获得最大功率,变压器的电压比K应为()。
职工薪酬,是指企业为获得职工提供的服务或解除劳动关系而给予的各种形式的报酬或补偿。下列属于职工薪酬的有()。
我国的消费税主要在生产和委托加工环节课征,实行单一环节征税,批发、零售等环节一律不征收消费税。()
超越因果关系,是指侵害人的行为导致受害人损害的发生,然而即使没有该侵害行为,同样的侵害也会因为其他独立于该侵害行为的事由发生。这里的其他事由既包括可归责于他人的侵害行为,也包括非可归责于他人的自然事件、受害人或客体自身的特殊情况。根据上述定义,下列不属于超
法律权利与法律义务的关系,就像一枚硬币的两面,密不可分,相互依存,互利共赢。没有权利,义务的设定就失去了目的和根据;没有义务,权利的实现也就成为空话。下列对于法律权利和法律义务关系的认识,正确的是()
网络中数据传输差错的出现具有()。
最新回复
(
0
)