2. 外语
  3. Can we trust our memories? Psychologist Elizabeth Loftus doesn’t think so. Loftus is an expert on false memories. A false memory

Can we trust our memories? Psychologist Elizabeth Loftus doesn’t think so. Loftus is an expert on false memories. A false memory

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问题
    Can we trust our memories? Psychologist Elizabeth Loftus doesn’t think so. Loftus is an expert on false memories. A false memory is a memory of something that never happened. Are people with false memories lying? Not at all, says Loftus. They really believe their memories. And that is why it can be difficult to know if a memory is real.
    【B1】______ These people didn’t know each other, but 36 percent of them had the same memory. What was it? They remembered hugging Bugs Bunny at Disneyland. But wait a minute. Bugs Bunny is not a Disney character, and he was never at Disneyland. These people’s memories were false.
    【B2】______ Loftus says it is easy to put a false memory into someone’s mind. How? You just talk to the person. In the Bugs Bunny experiment, Loftus talked to people who had visited Disneyland as children. Then she asked them about Bugs Bunny. She asked if he had soft ears. She asked if his body was furry. Later, more than one-third falsely remembered hugging Bugs Bunny.
    【B3】______That is why Loftus used the words "furry" and "soft" in the experiment. Those words helped people imagine the experience. They saw Bugs Bunny in their imagination. They felt his soft fur. It seemed so real. They were sure it really happened.
    【B4】______Loftus says it shows the dangers of false memory. Of course, a false memory of Bugs Bunny is not dangerous, but imagine this situation. A man hits a woman on the head. Then he steals her car. The police ask the victim if the thief smelled of cigarettes. In fact, he did not, but after the woman hears the question, she becomes 100 percent sure that he did. She adds the smell of cigarettes to her real memory and creates a false memory. The police then accuse the wrong person, a smoker. As a result, they never find the guilty man. He’s a nonsmoker, so the police don’t even look for him.
    【B5】______ If they aren’t careful, they won’t find the truth. Instead, they will find only false memories, and the real criminals will go free.
Questions 61—65
Complete the article with the following sentences. There are two extra sentences that you do not need to use.
A. When we remember something, we use all of our senses: sight, touch, taste, smell, and hearing.
B. The police often create false memories when they ask crime victims questions.
C. In one experiment on false memories, Loftus talked to people about their childhood.
D. Why are many of our childhood memories probably false ones?
E. But what is the purpose of the Bugs Bunny experiment?
F. How could a group of strangers all have the same false memory?
G. That is why the police need to be very careful about how they ask questions, says Loftus.
【B3】
选项
答案A
解析 横线后文指出，这就是Loftus使用如“毛茸茸的”和“柔软的”这类词的原因，因为这些词帮助人们想象出类似的画面。人们可以利用自己的所有感官来记住一件事。因此选A项。
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本试题收录于： C类竞赛（非英语专业本科）题库大学生英语竞赛（NECCS）分类
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C类竞赛（非英语专业本科）

大学生英语竞赛（NECCS）

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