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  3. Steven P. Jobs, whose insistent vision that he knew what consumers wanted made Apple one of the world’s most valuable and influe

Steven P. Jobs, whose insistent vision that he knew what consumers wanted made Apple one of the world’s most valuable and influe

admin2015-02-12  31
问题     Steven P. Jobs, whose insistent vision that he knew what consumers wanted made Apple one of the world’s most valuable and influential companies, is stepping down as chief executive, the company announced late Wednesday.
    Mr. Jobs, 56, has been on medical leave since January, his third such absence. He underwent surgery for pancreatic cancer in 2004, and received a liver transplant in 2009. But as recently as a few weeks ago, Mr. Jobs was negotiating business issues with another Silicon Valley executive.
Mr. Jobs will become chairman, a position that did not exist before. Apple named Tim Cook, its chief operating officer, to succeed Mr. Jobs as chief executive.
    Rarely has a major company and industry been so dominated by a single individual, and so successful. His influence has gone far beyond the iconic personal computers that were Apple’s principal product for its first 20 years. In the last decade, Apple has redefined the music business through the iPod, the cellphone business through the iPhone and the entertainment and media world through the iPad. Again and again, Mr. Jobs has gambled that he knew what the customer would want, and again and again he has been right.
    "The big thing about Steve Jobs is not his genius or his charisma but his extraordinary risk-taking," said Alan Deutschman, who wrote a biography of Mr. Jobs. "Apple has been so innovative because Jobs takes major risks, which is rare in corporate America. He doesn’t market-test anything. It’s all his own judgment and perfectionism and gut."
    Mr. Cook, an expert in logistics, has been instrumental in locking up contracts in advance for critical parts in the company’s devices. It has had the effect of securing favorable prices, keeping Apple’s profit margins high. But it also has prevented rival companies from producing competing products at significantly lower prices.
    While Mr. Cook is well respected in the industry, he is little known outside of it. Analysts and Silicon Valley experts said new Apple products were in the pipeline for the next few years, but the company’s success beyond that was already being debated.
    "Steve has built a very deep bench of managers, including the leadership of Tim Cook, who clearly understands Steve’s vision, goals and direction," said Mr. Bajarin, president of the technology research firm Creative Strategies, who has followed Apple for 30 years.
    "You could make the case that Steve has injected so much of his DNA into Apple that Apple will continue," said Guy Kawasaki, who was an Apple executive in the late 1980s. "Or you can make the case that without Steve, Apple will struggle. But you cannot make the case that Apple without Steve Jobs will be better. Hard to conceive of that."
    The company and Mr. Jobs had been criticized in the past for revealing little information about his health to investors. The news of Mr. Jobs’s resignation came after the market closed Wednesday. In after-hours trading, the stock fell 5 percent.
It can be indicated from Paragraph 4 and 5 that the advantage in cutting-edge technology of Apple is mainly because of______.
选项 A、the dominance and power-centralization of Steve Jobs
B、Steve Jobs’ extraordinary talent and strong leadership
C、the main products of it that reshape the related industries
D、Steve Jobs’ adventure-making spirit based on intuition of consumers’ needs and courage
答案D
解析 属信息推断题。题目中的关键词“the advantage in cutting-edge technology of Apple”并未直接出现在第四段和第五段中，但第五段引用的话里提到了“Apple has been so innovative…”，cutting-edge technology指的是“尖端科技”，与innovative意思相同。而其原因便是乔布斯基于直觉、完美主义和勇气的冒险精神。由此可知，选项D符合此意。选项A中的dominance的变形dominated出现在第四段第一句中，但该句应理解为“一个企业和行业一般不会像苹果公司一样受一人控制并如此大获成功”，而不应理解为“乔布斯一人控制苹果公司导致其取得成功”。选项B中的talent和leadership即为原文中的genius和charisma，但文中提到这并不是乔布斯的最大优点。原文提及苹果公司的产品改变了其相关产业，但这是尖端技术的成果而非原因，故选项C错误。
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