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  3. Reading to oneself is a modern activity, which was almost unknown to the scholars of the classical and medieval(中世纪的) worlds, wh

Reading to oneself is a modern activity, which was almost unknown to the scholars of the classical and medieval(中世纪的) worlds, wh

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问题     Reading to oneself is a modern activity, which was almost unknown to the scholars of the classical and medieval(中世纪的) worlds, while during the fifteenth century the term "reading" undoubtedly meant reading aloud. Only during the nineteenth century did silent reading become commonplace(平常的事).
    One should be alert, however, of assuming that silent reading came about simply because reading aloud is a distraction to others. Examination of factors related to historical development of silent reading reveals that it became the usual mode of reading for most adult reading tasks mainly because the tasks themselves changed in character.
    The last century saw a steady gradual increase in literacy, and thus in the number of readers. As readers increased, so the number of potential listeners declined, and thus there was some reduction in the need to read aloud. As reading for the benefit of listeners grew less common, so came the flourishing of reading as a private activity in such public places as libraries, railway carriages and offices, where reading aloud would cause distraction to other readers.
    Towards the end of the century there was still considerable argument among educationists over whether books should be used for information or treated respectfully, and over whether the reading of material such as newspapers was in some way mentally weakening. Indeed this argument remains with us still in education. However, whatever was its virtue, the old shared literacy culture had gone and was replaced by the printed mass media on the one hand and by hooks and periodicals for a specialized readership on the other.
    By the end of the century students were being recommended to adopt attitudes to books and to use skills in reading them that were inappropriate, if not impossible, for the oral reader. The social, cultural, and technological changes in the century had greatly altered what the term "reading" implied.
选项 A、Silent reading can not distract other’s attention.
B、Silent reading is more efficient than reading aloud.
C、The development of silent reading indicated an increase of libraries.
D、Silent reading illustrates human’s progress in learning skills.
答案A
解析 细节题。由题干silent reading可定位至文中多处，第二段首句和第三段第三句都提到朗读会干扰他人，但默读却不会。因此A正确。
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