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  3. After the violent earthquake that shook Los Angeles in 1994, earthquake scientists had good news to report: The damage and death

After the violent earthquake that shook Los Angeles in 1994, earthquake scientists had good news to report: The damage and death

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问题     After the violent earthquake that shook Los Angeles in 1994, earthquake scientists had good news to report: The damage and death toll could have been much worse.
    More than 60 people died in this earthquake. By comparison, an earthquake of similar intensity that shook America in 1988 claimed 25 000 victims.
    Injuries and deaths were relatively less in Los Angeles because the quake occurred at 4: 31 a. m. on a holiday, when traffic was light on the city’s highways. In addition, changes made to the construction codes in Los Angeles during the last 20 years have strengthened the city’s buildings and highways, making them more resistant to quakes.
    Despite the good news, civil engineers aren’t resting on their successes. Pinned to their drawing boards are blueprints for improved quake-resistant buildings. The new designs should offer even greater security to cities where earthquakes often take place.
    In the past, making structures quake-resistant meant firm yet flexible materials, such as steel and wood, that bend without breaking. Later, people tried to lift a building off its foundation, and insert rubber and steel between the building and its foundation to reduce the impact of ground vibrations. The most recent designs give buildings brains as well as concrete and steel supports. Called smart buildings, the structures respond like living organisms to an earthquake’s vibrations. When the ground shakes and the building tips forward, the computer would force the building to shift in the opposite direction.
    The new smart structures could be very expensive to build. However, they would save many lives and would be less likely to be damaged during earthquake.
It can be inferred from the passage that in minimizing the damage caused by earthquakes attention should be focused on______.
选项 A、the increasing use of rubber and steel in capital construction
B、the development of flexible building materials
C、the reduction of the impact of ground vibrations
D、early forecasts of earthquakes
答案C
解析 推理题。本题难度较大。考生可根据题干中的inferred一词判断本题为推理题，然后利用“推理的最终方向指向文章主题”的原则，判断答案应为文中介绍的新型建筑的特点，因此可将答案定位于第五段第三句中的The most recent designs，答案为第四句中的respond…to an earthquake’svibrations，该句与第二句中的reduce the impact of ground vibrations为同义复现，因此两处均可改写为答案。A)、B)两项为过去的做法，而且添加了increasing use，development等额外信息，为强干扰项，大家注意体会甄别。D)项文中未提及，因此亦为干扰项。
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