About six years ago I was eating lunch in a restaurant in New York City when a woman and a young boy sat down at the next table.

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问题 About six years ago I was eating lunch in a restaurant in New York City when a woman and a young boy sat down at the next table. I couldn’t help overhearing parts of their conversation. At one point the woman asked: "So, how have you been?" And the boy—who could not have been more than seven or eight years old—replied. "Frankly, I’ve been feeling a little depressed lately. "
This incident stuck in my mind because it confirmed my growing belief that children are changing. As far as I can remember, my friends and I didn’t find out we were "depressed" until we were in high school.
The evidence of a change in children has increased steadily in recent years. Children don’t seem childlike anymore. Children speak more like adults, dress more like adults and behave more like adults than they used to.
Whether this is good or bad is difficult to say, but it certainly is different. Childhood as it once was no longer exists, why?
Human development is based not only on innate (天生的) biological states, but also on patterns of access to social knowledge. Movement from one social route to another usually involves learning the secrets of the new status. Children have always been taught adult secrets, but slowly and in stages: traditionally, we tell sixth graders things we keep hidden from fifth graders.
In the last 30 years, however, a secret-revelation (揭示) machine has been installed in 98 percent of American homes. It is called television. Television passes information, and indiscriminately (不加区分地), to all viewers alike, be they children or adults. Unable to resist the temptation, many children turn their attention from printed texts to the less challenging, more vivid moving pictures.
Communication through print, as a matter of fact, allows for a great deal of control over the social information to which children have access. Reading and writing involve a complex code of symbols that must be memorized and practices. Children must read simple books before they can read complex materials. (351 words)
Traditionally, a child is supposed to learn about the adult world______.

选项 A、through contact with society
B、gradually and under guidance
C、naturally and by biological instinct
D、through exposure to social information

答案B

解析本题属于细节推断题。本题讨论孩子学习社会知识的途径，这应该是第五段的内容。在第五段中有这样一句话：“Children have always been taught adult secrets，but slowly and in stages”，后面一句以“traditionally”开头，说明这一句讨论的是传统方式的学习途径。“been taught”，受教，应该说相当于选项B中的“under guidance”；“in stages”，stage是阶段的意思，in stages就是按阶段、循序渐进，这个意思与B中的“gradually”一样。按照文意，本题选择B最为合适。

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本试题收录于：艺术硕士（艺术基础）题库专业硕士分类

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艺术硕士（艺术基础）

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