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  3. It is commonly assumed that even if some forgeries have aesthetic merit, no forgery has as much as an original by the imitated a

It is commonly assumed that even if some forgeries have aesthetic merit, no forgery has as much as an original by the imitated a

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问题     It is commonly assumed that even if some forgeries have aesthetic merit, no forgery has as much as an original by the imitated artist would. Yet even the most prominent art specialists can be duped by a talented artist turned forger into mistaking an almost perfect forgery for an original. For instance, artist Han van Meegeren’ s The Disciples at Emmaus(1937)—painted under the forged signature of the acclaimed Dutch master Jan Vermeer(1632 — 1675)—attracted lavish praise from experts as one of Vermeer’s finest works. The painting hung in a Rotterdam museum until 1945, when, to the great embarrassment of the critics; van Meegeren revealed its origin. Astonishingly, there was at least one highly reputed critic who persisted in believing it to be a Vermeer even after van Meegeren’s confession.
    Given the experts’ initial enthusiasm, some philosophers argue that van Meegeren’s painting must have possessed aesthetic characteristics that, in a Vermeer original, would have justified the critics’ plaudits. Van Meegeren’ s Emmaus thus raises difficult questions regarding the status of superbly executed forgeries. Is a forgery inherently inferior as art? How are we justified, if indeed we are, in revising downwards our critical assessment of a work unmasked as a forgery? Philosopher of art Alfred Lessing proposes convincing answers to these questions.
    A forged work is indeed inferior as art, Lessing argues, but not because of a shortfall in aesthetic qualities strictly defined, that is to say, in the qualities perceptible on the picture’ s surface. For example, in its composition, its technique, and its brilliant use of color, van Meegeren’s work is flawless, even beautiful. Lessing argues instead that the deficiency lies in what might be called the painting’s intangible qualities. All art, explains Lessing, involves technique, but not all art involves origination of a new vision, and originality of vision is one of the fundamental qualities by which artistic, as opposed purely aesthetic, accomplishment is measured. Thus Vermeer is acclaimed for having inaugurated, in the seventeenth century, a new way of seeing, and pioneering techniques for embodying this new way of seeing through distinctive treatment of light, color, and form.
    Even if we grant that van Meegeren, with his undoubted mastery of Vermeer’ s innovative techniques, produced an aesthetically superior painting, he did so about three centuries after Vermeer developed the techniques in question. Whereas Vermeer’ s origination of these techniques in the seventeenth century represents a truly impressive and historic achievement, van Meegeren’s production of The Disciples at Emmaus in the twentieth century presents nothing new or creative to the history of art. Van Meegeren’s forgery therefore, for all its aesthetic merits, lacks the historical significance that makes Vermeer’s work artistically great.
In Lessing’s view, Van Meegeren’s work falls short in its______.
选项 A、origination of a new vision
B、composition
C、technique
D、use of color
答案A
解析 本题考查考生对第四段中关于赝品与真品在艺术性和审美性上面的差异的理解。第四段是艺术哲学家莱辛集中论述赝品低于真品原因的一段，前两句明确指出赝品并不缺少严格定义上的审美品质，也就是说，在图画表面可察觉的品质。接着就以凡·米格伦的仿品为例，指出在它的组成、技术和辉煌的色彩运用上都没有瑕疵，可见[B][C][D]都不是凡·米格伦的仿品有缺乏的地方。接着莱辛揭示了其不足之处在于绘画的无形品质，其中一个典型就是原创的新视野，而维梅尔之所以受到赞誉就是因为他开创了一种新视野，这恰恰是凡·米格伦的仿品所不具备的，因此选择[A]。
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