首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
Alison Preston of the University of Texas at Austin’s Center for Learning and Memory explains:A short-term memory’s conversion t
Alison Preston of the University of Texas at Austin’s Center for Learning and Memory explains:A short-term memory’s conversion t
admin
2015-07-13
71
问题
Alison Preston of the University of Texas at Austin’s Center for Learning and Memory explains:A short-term memory’s conversion to a long-term memory requires changes within the brain that protect the memory from interference from competing stimuli or disruption from injury or disease. This time-dependent process of stabilization, whereby our experiences achieve a permanent record in ourmemory, is referred to as "consolidation".
Memory consolidation can occur at many organizational levels in the brain. The cellular and molecular portions of memory consolidation typically take place within the first minutes or hours of learning and result in changes to neurons (nerve cells) or sets of neurons. Systems-level consolidation, involving the reorganization of brain networks that handle the processing of individual memories can then happen on a much slower time frame of days or even years.
The consolidation process that affects declarative memories-recollections of general facts and specific events—relies on the function of some specific structures in the brain. At the cellular level, memory is expressed as changes to the structure and function of neurons. For example, new synapses—the connections between neurons through which they exchange information—can form to allow for communication between new networks of neurons. Alternatively, existing synapses can be strengthened to allow for increased sensitivity in the communication between two neurons.Consolidating such synaptic changes requires the synthesis of new RNA and proteins in the structures, which transform temporary alterations in synaptic transmission into persistent modifications of synaptic architecture. With time, the brain systems also change. Initially, the specific structure works in concert with sensory-processing regions distributed in the neo-cortex (the outermost layer of the brain) to form the new memories. Within the neo-cortex, representations of the elements that constitute an event in our life are distributed across multiple brain regions according to their content.
When a memory is first formed, the specific structure rapidly combines this distributed information into a single memory, thus acting as an index of representations in the sensory-processing regions. As time passes, cellular and molecular changes allow for the strengthening of direct connections among the neocortical regions, enabling access to the memory independent of the structure. Thus, while damage to the structure from injury or particular disorder hampers the ability to form new declarative memories, such a disruption may not impair memories for facts and events that have already been consolidated. Thus, an amnesiac with hippocampal damage would not be able to learn the names of current presidential candidates but would be able to recall the identity of our 16th president.
The consolidation process means _____.
选项
A、a process with time limits
B、a period of experiences within the brain
C、a protection of long-term memory
D、a conversion to a permanent record
答案
D
解析
事实细节题。第一段末句提到is referred to as“consolidation”,可推断前面的内容即为consolidation的具体意义:使我们的经历得以在记忆中永久记录下来。因此答案为D项。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/TS74777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Writealettertoafriendofyoursto1)recommendabookyoulike2)andgivereasonsforyourrecommendationYoushouldwritea
Publicimagereferstohowacompanyisviewedbyitscustomers,suppliers,andstockholders,bythefinancialcommunity,bythe
Educationbeginswithteachers.Yetteachingseemstobelosingitsappealformanyofthebestandbrightestcollegestudents.
TherearemoredifferencesbetweentheUnitedStatesandJapanthanconflictingvaluesduringWorldWarII.Culturalandsocieta
TherearemoredifferencesbetweentheUnitedStatesandJapanthanconflictingvaluesduringWorldWarII.Culturalandsocieta
Thereisnothinglikethejoyoffindingoutthatsomethingsinfulisactuallygoodforyou,whetherit’ssex,chocolateoragl
Inagamethemovesaresetupbeforehand.Inanon-gamesituationthemovesaresupposedtoariseoutofeventsasthesedevelo
ItcanbetemptingtopopamovieintheVCRorDVDplayerwhenit’sthedaybeforespringbreak,orwhenyou’resimplywornout
Scientistsaroundtheworldareracingtolearnhowtorapidlydiagnose,treatandstopthespreadofanew,deadlydisease.SAR
随机试题
反常性碱性尿
在X线摄影中,使用对比剂可以增加组织间的对比,有助于形成影像。肝肾功能严重受损不能进行静脉尿路造影检查的原因不包括
氨基酸脱氨基可生成相应的α-酮酸,后者在体内参与合成
下列有关金融中介与金融市场功能的关系的表述,传统理论认为()。
我国最早修筑长城的是(),大约始于公元前7世纪中叶。
人体的免疫功能,可清除自身的损伤细胞,在这一生理过程中,损伤细胞属于()。
君子博学而日参省乎己,_______。(《荀子.劝学》)
公安部不需要接受中央政法委员会的领导,但是各级地方公安机关要接受各级党委的政法委员会的领导。()
交管局要求司机在通过某特定路段时,在白天也要像晚上一样使用大灯,结果发现这条路上的年事故发生率比从前降低了15%。他们得出结论说:如果在全市范围内都推行该项规定会同样地降低事故发生率。以下哪项如果为真,最能支持上述论证的结论?
Tobefrank,IshouldsayTom______(与其说是个摄影师,不如说是个画家).
最新回复
(
0
)