首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Minority Report A)American universities are accepting more minorities than ever. Graduating them is another matter. B)Barry Mill
Minority Report A)American universities are accepting more minorities than ever. Graduating them is another matter. B)Barry Mill
admin
2014-12-31
22
问题
Minority Report
A)American universities are accepting more minorities than ever. Graduating them is another matter.
B)Barry Mills, the president of Bowdoin College, was justifiably proud of Bowdoin’s efforts to recruit minority students. Since 2003 the small, elite liberal arts school in Brunswick, Maine, has boosted the proportion of so-called under-represented minority students in entering freshman classes from 8% to 13%. "It is our responsibility to reach out and attract students to come to our kinds of places," he told a NEWSWEEK reporter. But Bowdoin has not done quite as well when it comes to actually graduating minorities. While 9 out of 10 white students routinely get their diplomas within six years, only 7 out of 10 black students made it to graduation day in several recent classes.
C)"If you look at who enters college, it now looks like America," says Hilary Pennington, director of postsecondary programs for the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, which has closely studied enrollment patterns in higher education. "But if you look at who walks across the stage for a diploma, it’s still largely the white, upper-income population."
D)The United States once had the highest graduation rate of any nation. Now it stands 10th. For the first time in American history, there is the risk that the rising generation will be less well educated than the previous one. The graduation rate among 25 to 34 year-olds is no better than the rate for the 55- to 64-year-olds who were going to college more than 30 years ago. Studies show that more and more poor and non-white students want to graduate from college—but their graduation rates fall far short of their dreams.
E)The problem is pronounced at public universities. In 2007 the University of Wisconsin-Madison—one of the top five or so prestigious public universities—graduated 81% of its white students within six years, but only 56% of its blacks. At less-selective state schools, the numbers get worse. During the same time frame, the University of Northern Iowa graduated 67% of its white students, but only 39% of its blacks. Community colleges have low graduation rates generally—but rock-bottom rates for minorities. A recent review of California community colleges found that while a third of the Asian students picked up their degrees, only 15% of African-Americans did so as well.
F)Private colleges and universities generally do better, partly because they offer smaller classes and more personal attention. But when it comes to a significant graduation gap, Bowdoin has company. Nearby Colby College logged an 18-point difference between white and black graduates in 2007 and 25 points in 2006. Middlebury College in Vermont, another top school, had a 19-point gap in 2007 and a 22-point gap in 2006. The most selective private schools—Harvard, Yale, and Princeton—show almost no gap between black and white graduation rates. But that may have more to do with their ability to select the best students.
G)"Higher education has been able to duck this issue for years, particularly the more selective schools, by saying the responsibility is on the individual student," says Pennington of the Gates Foundation. "If they fail, it’s their fault." Some critics blame affirmative action—students admitted with lower test scores and grades from shaky high schools often straggle at elite schools. But a bigger problem may be that poor high schools often send their students to colleges for which they are "under matched": they could get into more elite, richer schools, but instead go to community colleges and low-rated state schools that lack the resources to help them. Some schools out for profit cynically increase tuitions and count on student loans and federal aid to foot the bill— knowing full well that the students won’t make it. "The school keeps the money, but the kid leaves with loads of debt and no degree and no ability to get a better job. Colleges are not holding up their end," says Amy Wilkins of the Education Trust.
H)A college education is getting ever more expensive. Since 1982 tuitions have been rising at roughly twice the rate of inflation. In 2008 the net cost of attending a four-year public university—after financial aid—equaled 28% of median(中间的)family income, while a four-year private university cost 76% of median family income. More and more scholarships are based on merit, not need. Poorer students are not always the best-informed consumers. Often they wind up deeply in debt or simply unable to pay after a year or two and must drop out.
I)There once was a time when universities took pride in their dropout rates. Professors would begin the year by saying, "Look to the right and look to the left. One of you is not going to be here by the end of the year." But such a Darwinian spirit is beginning to give way as at least a few colleges face up to the graduation gap. At the University of Wisconsin-Madison, the gap has been roughly halved over the last three years. The university has poured resources into peer counseling to help students from inner-city schools adjust to the rigor(严格要求)and faster pace of a university classroom—and also to help minority students overcome the stereotype that they are less qualified. Wisconsin has a "laser like focus" on building up student skills in the first three months, according to vice provost(教务长)Damon Williams.
J)State and federal governments could sharpen that focus everywhere by broadly publishing minority graduation rates. For years private colleges such as Princeton and MIT have had success bringing minorities onto campus in the summer before freshman year to give them some preparatory courses. The newer trend is to start recruiting poor and non-white students as early as the seventh grade, using innovative tools to identify kids with sophisticated verbal skills. Such programs can be expensive, of course, but cheap compared with the millions already invested in scholarships and grants for kids who have little chance to graduate without special support.
K)With effort and money, the graduation gap can be closed. Washington and Lee is a small, selective school in Lexington, Va. Its student body is less than 5% black and less than 2% Latino. While the school usually graduated about 90% of its whites, the graduation rate of its blacks and Latinos had dipped to 63% by 2007. "We went through a dramatic shift," says Dawn Watkins, the vice president for student affairs. The school aggressively pushed mentoring(辅导)of minorities by other students and "partnering" with parents at a special pre-enrollment session. The school had its first-ever black homecoming. Last spring the school graduated the same proportion of minorities as it did whites. If the United States wants to keep up in the global economic race, it will have to pay systematic attention to graduating minorities, not just enrolling them.
The graduation rate of United States has fallen from the first to the 10th.
选项
答案
D
解析
题干关键词from the first to the 10th。文中D段提到,The United Statesonce had the highest graduation rate ofany nation.Now it stands 10th,与题干意思吻合,故选D。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/sTq7777K
0
大学英语四级
相关试题推荐
AreportconsistentlybroughtbackbyvisitorstotheUSishowfriendly,courteousandhelpfulmostAmericansweretothem.To
Would-belanguageteacherseverywherehaveonethingincommon:theyallwantsomerecognitionoftheirprofessionalstatusand
IstheInternetMakingUsForgetful?AtouristtakesapictureoftheEmpireStateBuildingonhisiPhone,deletesit,then
Peopleintheirsixtiesshouldgotouniversitytoretrainbecausetheywillbeexpectedtoworkforlongerbeforeretirement,【C
A、Heisnotcooperative.B、Hewillbeinhisofficeallafternoon.C、Hehasnotreadanyofthearticleshimself.D、Healreadyb
A、Tothemanager’soffice.B、Tothepaperbacksection.C、Tothetextbookarea.D、Tothepublishers’indexes.C
A、Inabank.B、Inasupermarket.C、Inadoctor’soffice.D、Inalawyer’soffice.A场景推断题。男士告诉女士有关他的账户有几件事情不是很清楚,他想问女士几个问题;女士请男士首先
Thenewspapermustprovideforthereaderthefacts,pure,objectivefacts.Butinthesedaysofcomplexnewsitmustprovidemo
Thenewspapermustprovideforthereaderthefacts,pure,objectivefacts.Butinthesedaysofcomplexnewsitmustprovidemo
随机试题
对唾液腺作用描述错误的是
存款人开立单位银行结算账户,自正式开立之日起3个工作日后,才可使用该账户办理付款和收款业务。()
目前我国商业银行按照贷款余额()提取的贷款呆账准备金相当于普通准备金。
F公司拟投资一个新产品,有关资料如下:(1)预计该项目需要固定资产投资1800万元,可以持续5年,预计每年付现的固定成本为100万元,变动成本450元/件。固定资产折旧采用直线法,折旧年限为5年,估计净残值为100万元,税法规定的净残值为0。预计各年销
一根一米长的绳子有多少种用途?这是对()进行训练的题目。
所有喜欢数学的学生都喜欢哲学。如果上述信息正确,则下列哪项一定不正确?
有关研究发现,在肺癌患者中,有高达90%的建筑工人经常感受到来自工作和家庭的双重压力。王强是一名肺癌患者,而且他经常感受到来自各方面的压力,有时甚至有不堪负重的感觉,所以,王强很可能是一名建筑工人。以下哪项最准确地指出了上文推理中的错误?
支农惠农政策
Greenspacefacilities(设施)arecontributingtoanimportantdegreetothequalityofthecityenvironment.Fortunatelyitisno
WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtoPara.1?The1992LosAngelesriotsbrokeoutbecause________.
最新回复
(
0
)