2. 外语
  3. A scientist who wants to predict the way in which consumers (消费者) will spend their money must study consumer behavior. He must o

A scientist who wants to predict the way in which consumers (消费者) will spend their money must study consumer behavior. He must o

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问题     A scientist who wants to predict the way in which consumers (消费者) will spend their money must study consumer behavior. He must obtain data both on the resources of consumers and on the motives that tend to encourage or discourage money spending.
    If an economist were asked which of three groups borrow most—people with rising incomes, stable incomes, or decreasing incomes—he would probably answer, those with decreasing incomes. Actually, in the years 1947—1950, the answer was: people with rising incomes. People with decreasing incomes were next and people with stable incomes borrowed the least. This shows us that traditional assumptions (假设) about earning and spending are not always reliable. Another traditional assumption is that if people who have money expect prices to go up they will hasten to buy. If they expect prices to go down, they will postpone buying. But research surveys have shown that this is not always true. The expectations of price increases may not stimulate buying. One typical attitude was expressed by the wife of a mechanic in an interview at a time of rising prices. "In a few months," she said, "we’ll have to pay more for meat and milk；we’ll have less to spend on other things. " Her family had been planning to buy a new car but they postponed this purchase. Furthermore, the rise in prices that has already taken place may be disliked and buyers’ resistance may be produced. This is shown by the following typical comment; "I just don’t pay these prices; they are too high. "
    The investigations mentioned above were carried out. in America; condition most helpful to spending appears to be price stability. If prices have been stable and people consider that they are reasonable, they are likely to buy. Thus, it appears that the common business policy of maintaining stable prices is based on a correct understanding of consumer psychology （心理学）.
According to Paragraph 2, research surveys have proved that______.
选项 A、price increases always stimulate people to hasten to buy things
B、rising prices may make people put off their purchase of certain things
C、women are more sensitive to the rising in prices than men
D、the expectations of price increases often make buyers feel angry
答案B
解析 答案依据第二段中间部分：The expectations of price increases may not stimulate buying．“预期的价格上涨可能并不会刺激消费”；以及后面提到的：Her family had been…this purchase．“她家原本一直计划买辆新车，但他们推迟了购买计划(因为他们预计肉、牛奶等的价格上涨会导致支出增加，从而会占用其他方面的支出，比如购买汽车)。”因此“价格上涨可能会使人们推迟某些物品的购买计划”是正确的。
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