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  3. 1 The jazz that was popular during the 1930s and 1940s was known as "big band" or "swing." A big band, or jazz orchestra, consis

1 The jazz that was popular during the 1930s and 1940s was known as "big band" or "swing." A big band, or jazz orchestra, consis

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问题 1 The jazz that was popular during the 1930s and 1940s was known as "big band" or "swing." A big band, or jazz orchestra, consisted of approximately 12 to 25 musicians and contained saxophones, trumpets, trombones, and a rhythm section. The music was highly arranged: prepared in advance and written on charts. Occasionally the arranger called for an improvised solo, a short piece of music created spontaneously by one of the players. In many bands, the arranger was also the bandleader.
2 Big band jazz was first and foremost dance music. The earliest bands played music characterized by a sweet and romantic melody, suitable for dancing. Later, the music acquired a "swing beat," a style of playing with a strong, driving rhythm. The "hot" rhythms of bandleaders such as Benny Goodman and Count Basie became the dominant form of popular music after 1935. From this joyous, swinging music came the energetic style of dancing called "jitterbug."
3 However, many younger jazz players felt that swing jazz was the music of an older generation and did not express their experiences. The younger musicians wanted jazz to progress. Thus, the style of jazz known as "bebop" arose. Bebop)—later called simply "bop"—was a revolt against big bands and arrangements. A typical band consisted of five instruments: saxophone, trumpet, bass, drums, and piano. The "bopsters" rejected the traditional dance beat because they felt it prevented the free-flowing, improvisational expression of ideas. They viewed jazz not as dance music but as a form of art.
4 The musician who brought bop to the attention of the public was trumpeter Dizzy Gillespie. In the late thirties and early forties, while playing with the major jazz orchestras of the time, Gillespie experimented with new forms. He and a few friends worked out the ideas that were to become the essence of bop: fast tempos and improvisation based on harmonic structure rather than melody. In 1945 Dizzy Gillespie formed his own band and started collaborating with saxophonist Charlie Parker. The band made a number of first-rate records, including "Salt Peanuts" and "Hot House." Gillespie’s popularity with jazz fans led to the gradual acceptance of bebop as an art form distinct from the jazz of the dance hall.
7. Select the appropriate phrases from the answer choices and match them to the form of jazz that they characterize. TWO of the answer choices will NOT be used.
Answer Choices
(A) A band with five musicians
(B) A strong, driving dance rhythm
(C) Emphasis on harmonic structure
(D) A slow melody
(E) Musical arrangements on charts
(F) A steady beat for marching
(G) Jazz as a form of art
选项
答案B E A C G
解析 B Big Band: A strong, driving dance rhythm: Big band jazz was first and foremost dance music; ...a style of playing with a strong, driving rhythm.
E Big Band: Musical arrangements on charts: ...highly arranged: prepared in advance and written on charts.
A Bebop: A band with five musicians: A typical band consisted of five instruments....
C Bebop: Emphasis on harmonic structure: ...based on harmonic structure rather than melody.
G Bebop: Jazz as a form of art:... viewed jazz not as dance music but as a form of art; ...bebop as an art form....
Answers (D) and (F) characterize neither big band nor bebop.
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