2. 外语
  3. 中华老字号(China centuries-old／time-honored brands)是指那些历史悠久并拥有良好信誉的中国企业。这些企业往往具有鲜明的中华民族传统文化特征，拥有高品质的产品、技艺或服务，取得广泛的社会认同。同仁堂(Tongrentan

中华老字号(China centuries-old／time-honored brands)是指那些历史悠久并拥有良好信誉的中国企业。这些企业往往具有鲜明的中华民族传统文化特征，拥有高品质的产品、技艺或服务，取得广泛的社会认同。同仁堂(Tongrentan

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问题     中华老字号(China centuries-old／time-honored brands)是指那些历史悠久并拥有良好信誉的中国企业。这些企业往往具有鲜明的中华民族传统文化特征，拥有高品质的产品、技艺或服务，取得广泛的社会认同。同仁堂(Tongrentang)和全聚德(Quanjude)均属北京的老字号。同仁堂创建于1669年，其药品以优良的传统工艺和显著的疗效享誉海内外。以北京烤鸭闻名的全聚德创建于1864年，是中国著名的饭店。
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答案 China time-honored brands refer to the Chinese companies which have a long history as well as a good reputation. With distinct characteristics of traditional Chinese culture, they get extensive public recognition by offering good-quality products, techniques or services. Both Tongrentang and Quanjude are the time-honored brands in Beijing. Tongrentang was founded in 1669, and its medical products have enjoyed a good reputation both at home and abroad for excellent traditional manufacturing techniques and good effects. Founded in 1864 and well-known for its Beijing roast ducks, Quanjude is a famous restaurant in China.
解析 1．第1句中的定语“历史悠久并拥有良好信誉的”较长，故将其处理成定语从句which have a long historyas well as a good reputation，也可用介词短语with a long history and a good reputation来表达。
2．第2句“这些企业往往具有……，拥有……，取得……”有3个动词，仔细分析可发现，第1个动词短语表状态，第2个为方式，第3个为结果，故翻译时将第3个分句处理成主干，第1个为伴随状语，第2个为方式状语，这样既可以使句子各成分之间的逻辑关系更清晰，也更符合英文的表达习惯。
3．倒数第2句“同仁堂创建于1669年，其药品……”可用并列结构译出：Tongrentang was founded in 1669，and its medical products…。“以优良的传统工艺和显著的疗效”用介词短语for excellent traditionalmanufacturing techniques and good effects来表达。
4．在最后一句中，将“是中国著名的饭店”处理成主干：Quanjude is a famous restaurant in China。将“以北京烤鸭闻名的全聚德创建于1864年”处理成两个并列的状语，“创建于1864年的”和“以北京烤鸭闻名的”，按照时间逻辑关系，用分词短语译出Founded in 1864 and well-known for its Beijing roast ducks。
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