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  3. For millions of years before the appearance of the electric light, shift work, all night cable TV and the Internet, Earth’s crea

For millions of years before the appearance of the electric light, shift work, all night cable TV and the Internet, Earth’s crea

admin2015-12-31  30
问题     For millions of years before the appearance of the electric light, shift work, all night cable TV and the Internet, Earth’s creatures evolved on a planet with predictable and reassuring 24-hour rhythms. Our biological clocks are set for this daily cycle. Simply put, our bodies want to sleep at night and be awake during the day. Most women and men need between eight and eight and a half hours of sleep a night to function properly throughout their lives. (Contrary to popular belief, humans don’t need less sleep as they age. )
    But on average, Americans sleep only about seven and a half hours per night, a marked drop from the nine hours they averaged in 1910. What’s worse, nearly one third of all Americans get less than six hours of sleep on a typical work night. For most people, that’s not nearly enough.
    Finding ways to get more and better sleep can be a challenge. Scientists have identified more than 80 different sleep disorders. Some sleeping disorders are kinetic (活跃的, 有力的).But many problems are caused by staying up late and sleeping in, by traveling frequently between time zones or by working nights. Dr. James F. Janes at National Jewish Medical and Research Center in Denver says that sleep disorders are often diagnosed as other discomforts. About one third of the patients referred to him with possible chronic (慢性的,长期的) fatigue syndrome actually have treatable sleep disorders. "Before we do anything else, we look at their sleep," Jones says.
    Sleep experts say that most people would benefit from a good look at their sleep patterns. "My motto is ’Sleep defensively’," says Mary Carskadon of Brown University. She says people need to carve out sufficient time to sleep, even if it means giving up other things. Sleep routines—like going to bed and getting up at the same time every day—are important. Pre-bedtime activities also make a difference. As with Eisner, who used to suffer from sleeplessness, a few lifestyle changes—avoiding stimulants and late meals, exercising hours before bedtime, relaxing with a hot bath—yield better sleep.
Which of the following measures can help you sleep better?
选项 A、Staying up late.
B、Taking a hot bath.
C、Having late meals.
D、Traveling between time zones.
答案B
解析 本题问下面哪个方法可以帮助你睡得更好一些。根据文章第四段第五句和第六句，睡前的活动也可以使情况大大改观。埃尔斯纳就是一个例子，他饱受失眠的痛苦，后来，他睡前不接触使人兴奋的东西，不吃夜餐，睡前锻炼两三个小时，洗个热水澡放松一下，这些生活习惯方面的变化使他睡得更好。因此，本题的正确答案应是B“洗个热水澡可以使你睡得更好”。
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