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  3. A preliminary 2005 crime report issued yesterday by the Federal Bureau of Investigation shows that the total number of murders i

A preliminary 2005 crime report issued yesterday by the Federal Bureau of Investigation shows that the total number of murders i

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问题     A preliminary 2005 crime report issued yesterday by the Federal Bureau of Investigation shows that the total number of murders in the country went up 4.8 percent from the year before. St. Louis, Houston, Philadelphia and Milwaukee saw an increase in murders, while other cities including New York, Los Angeles and Miami saw a drop.
    Among violent crimes, the only decrease was in rapes, which fell 1.9 percent. Robberies increased over all by 4.5 percent. Cities with populations of more than 500,000 had the biggest rise in violent crime, 8.3 percent. In the Midwest, violent crimes increased by 5.7 percent. The data are considered preliminary until the final statistics are released in October.
    The increases in violent crime over all come after years of crime reduction efforts all over the country in the 1990’s that are credited with lowering crime rates almost everywhere, especially in the larger urban areas. Law enforcement officials and other experts on crime cautioned that this latest report did not necessarily mean crime would start to run rampant (猖獗的) again.
    James Alan Fox, a professor of criminal justice at Northeastern University, said that after the sharp decreases during the 1990’s, the crime rate over all from 2000 to 2004 was essentially flat. "We squeezed all the air out of the balloon after having seven good years of crime decline," Mr. Fox said. "That ended when the 1990’s ended. Now the challenge isn’t so much to make the crime rate go down more, because that’s not necessarily realistic, but the challenge is to make sure that the small bit doesn’t become a big one."
    Mr. Fox pointed out that some of the cities where murders rose in 2005 had seen small fluctuations in recent years. Houston, for example, which reported 334 murders in 2005, had 272 in 2004 and 278 the year before. In Memphis, there were 136 murders in 2005, 107 in 2004 and 126 in 2003.
    The annual F.B.I. report is drawn from numbers gathered by state and local law enforcement agencies. They measure four violent offenses (murder, rape, robbery and aggravated assault) and four property crimes (burglary, larceny, auto theft and arson). The report does not measure drug crimes.
    The report showed that cities with populations of 100,000 to 249,999 had the greatest increase in murders, up 12.5 percent. Cities with 500,000 to 999,999 inhabitants had the greatest increases in both robbery, 9.9 percent, and aggravated assault, 8.5 percent. The number of rapes fell in all city population groups except in those cities with fewer than 10,000 residents; there, the number of rapes was up 1.5 percent from the 2004 level.
According to James Alan Fox, the challenge to criminal justice in the U.S.A. is ______.
选项
答案how to avoid large increase in crime rate
解析 参见文章第4段末：Now the challenge isn’t so much to make the crime rate go down more, because that’s not necessarily realistic, but the challenge is to make sure that the small bit doesn’t become a big one．
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