首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
A Frenchman, the psychologist Alfred Binet, published the first standardized test of human intelligence in 1905. But it was an A
A Frenchman, the psychologist Alfred Binet, published the first standardized test of human intelligence in 1905. But it was an A
admin
2010-01-18
37
问题
A Frenchman, the psychologist Alfred Binet, published the first standardized test of human intelligence in 1905. But it was an American, Lewis Terman, a psychology professor at Stanford, who thought to divide a test taker’s "mental age", as revealed by that score, by his or her chronological age to derive a number that he called the "intelligence quotient", or IQ. It would be hard to think of a pop-scientific coinage that has had a greater impact of the way people think about themselves and others.
No country embraced the IQ—and the application of IQ testing to restructure society—more thoroughly than the U.S. Every year millions of Americans have their IQ measured, many with a direct descendant of Binet’s original test, the Stanford-Binet, although not necessarily for the purpose Binet intended. He developed his test as a way of identifying public school students who needed extra help in learning, and that is still one of its leading uses.
But the broader and more controversial use of IQ testing has its roots in a theory of intelligence—part science, part sociology—that developed in the late 19th century, before Binte’s work and entirely separate from it. Championed first by Charles Darwin’s cousin Francis Galton, it held that intelligence was the most valuable human attribute, and that if people who had a lot of it could be identified and put in leadership positions, ail of society would benefit.
Terman believed IQ tests should be used to conduct a great sorting out of the population, so that young people would be assigned on the basis of their scores to particular levels in the school system, which would lead to corresponding socioeconomic destinations in adult life. The beginning of the IQ-testing movement overlapped with the eugenics move- merit—hugely popular in America and Europe among the "better sort" before Hitler gave it a bad name—which held that intelligence was mostly inherited and that people-deficient in it should be discouraged from reproducing. The state sterilization that Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes notoriously endorsed in a 1927 Supreme Court decision was done with an IQ score as justification.
The American IQ promoters scored a great coup during World War I when they persuaded the Army to give IQ tests to 1.7 million inductees. It was the world’s first mass administration of an intelligence test, and many of the standardized tests in use today can be traced back to it: the now ubiquitous and obsessed-over SAT(Study Ability Test); the Wechsler, taken by several million people a year, according to its publisher; and Terman’s own National Intelligence Test, originally used in tracking elementary school children. All these tests took from the Army the basic technique of measuring intelligence mainly by asking vocabulary questions (synonyms, antonyms, analogies, reading comprehension).
IQ test is origin ally used to_____.
选项
A、find out the students who need extra help in learning
B、assign young people to different majors
C、select the acceptable recruits for army
D、select the leaders for society
答案
A
解析
见第四段,overlap以为重合、交迭,刚开始,IQ测试同优生运动交迭。故选A。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/tWvO777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
Peopleofdifferentfieldscametogetherforthesamedreamofbuildingasmartcity.
Peopleofdifferentfieldscametogetherforthesamedreamofbuildingasmartcity.
HowwastheUSdraftedresolutioncondemningHamasconsideredbytheUnitedNations?
Theneuroscientistdidastudyinordertotellwhetherchildrenwillfeelthepaindifferentlyiftoldhowitwillhurt.
A、Thebettermembersdecidedtocancelthemeeting.B、Lessthanhalfofthecommitteewasawayonbusinesstrips.C、It’dbebett
我国首次月球探测工程的成功,实现了中华民族的千年奔月梦想,开启了中国人走向深空探索宇宙奥秘的时代,标志着我国已经进入世界具有深空探测能力的国家行列。这是我国推进自主创新、建设创新型国家取得的又一标志性成果,是中华民族在攀登世界科技高峰征程上实现的又一历史性
Americanshavefourprimaryavenuesformakingfriends:atwork,atschool,throughahobbyora【C1】______suchasvolunteerwork
TheLakeDistrictinnorth-westEnglandisanarearemarkablylittleaffectedbyindustrialization.Theprincipalactivityisst
Whenprehistoricmanarrivedinnewpartsoftheworld,somethingstrangehappenedtothelargeanimals:theysuddenlybecameex
WoodrowWilsonwasreferringtotheliberalideaoftheeconomicmarketwhenhesaidthatthefreeenterprisesystemisthemost
随机试题
A.偶联剂B.化学固化引发剂C.光敏剂D.无机填料E.着色剂樟脑醌是一种
高熔合金的包埋材料除外()
根据民事诉讼相关理论,下列表述哪些是不正确的?()
请按所提供的的教材片段,设计一课时的教学简案。要求:(1)导出一篇规范完整的课时教学简案;(2)根据需要选择和处理教材内容;(3)恰当设定本课的教学目标,教学重点和难点;(4)合理地设计学习活动和作业要求;(5)设计至少三个课堂提问;(6)对教案
因为父母双亡,5岁的亮亮成了孤儿。根据《中华人民共和国未成年人保护法》,应对其履行收留抚养责任的主体是()。
采用销售百分比法预测资金需求量时,下列项目中被视为不随销售收入的变动而变动的是()。
Inthatorganization,theyplaceemphasisonhelpingoneanotherandoncooperation.
Chemistrydidnotemergeasascienceuntilafterthescientificrevolutionintheseventeenthcenturyandthenonlyratherslow
Mostofustendtothinkthatattractivepeoplearealwaysatanadvantageinlifeandenjoyfarmoreopportunitiesthanaverage
制作糖人儿是一种民间手艺。按照其制作工艺的不同,可分为吹糖人儿和画糖人儿。吹糖人儿是把糖料吹制成各种造型。吹糖人儿以动物造型居多,体态丰满,常见的是以十二生肖为内容。吹出的糖人儿质地很薄,易碎。画糖人儿是在石板上用糖浆画出。画糖人儿多流传于四川省。糖画的内
最新回复
(
0
)