首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Whenever two or more unusual traits or situations are found in the same place, it is tempting to look for more than a coincident
Whenever two or more unusual traits or situations are found in the same place, it is tempting to look for more than a coincident
admin
2010-04-24
58
问题
Whenever two or more unusual traits or situations are found in the same place, it is tempting to look for more than a coincidental relationship between them. The high Himalayas and the Tibetan plateau certainly have extraordinary physical characteristics and the cultures that are found there are also unusual, though not unique. However there is no intention of adopting Montesquieu’s view of climate and soil as cultural determents. The ecology of a region merely poses some of the problems faced by the inhabitants of the region, and while the problems facing a culture are important to its development, they do not determine it.
The appearance of the Himalayas during the late Tertiary Period and the accompanying further raising of the previously established rages had a marked effect on the climate of the region. Primarily, of course, it blocked the Indian monsoon from reaching Central Asia at all. Secondly, air and moisture from other directions were also reduced.
Prior to the raising of the Himalayas, the land now forming the Tibetan uplands had a dry, continental climate with vegetation and animal’s life similar to that of much of the rest of the region on the same parallel, but somewhat different from that of the areas farther north, which were already drier. With the coming of the Himalayas and the relatively sudden drying out of the region, there was a severe thinning out of the animal and plant population. The ensuing incomplete Pleistocene glaciations had a further thinning effect, but significantly did not wipe out life in the area. Thus after the end of the glaciations there were only a few varieties of life extant from the original continental species. Isolated by the Kunlun range from the Tarim basin and Turfan depression, species that bad already adapted to the dry steppe climate, and would otherwise have been expected to flourish in Tibetan, the remaining native fauna and flora multi-plied. Armand described the Tibetan fauna as not having great variety, but being "striking" in the abundance of the particular species that are present. The plant life is similarly limited in variety, with some observers finding no more than seventy varieties of plants in even the relatively fertile Eastern Tibetan valleys, with fewer than ten food crops. Tibetan "tea" is a major staple, perhaps replacing the unavailable vegetables.
The difficulties of living in an environment at once dry and cold, and populated with species more usually found in more hospitable climates, are great. These difficulties may well have influenced the unusual polyandrous societies typical of the region. Lattimore sees the maintenance of multi-husband house-holds as being preserved from earlier forms by the harsh conditions of the Tibetan uplands, which permitted no experimentation and "froze" the cultures that came there. Kawakiwa, on the other hand, sees the polyandry as a way of easily permitting the best householder to become the head husband regardless of age. His detailed studies of the Bhotea village of Tsumje do seem to support this idea of polyandry as a method of talent mobility in a situation where even the best talent is barely enough for survival.
In sum, though arguments can be made that a pre-existing polyandrous system was strengthened and preserved (insofar as it has been) by the rigors of the land, it would certainly be an overstatement to lay causative factors of any stronger nature to the ecological influences in this case.
According to the passage, which of the following would probably be the most agreeable to Montesquieu?
选项
A、All regions have different soils and thus, different cultures.
B、Some regions with similar climates will have similar culture.
C、Cultures in the same area, sharing soil and climate, will be essentially identical.
D、The plants of a country, by being the food of its people, cause the people to have similar views to one another.
答案
C
解析
事实细节题。根据第一段第二话写到:喜马拉雅山和青藏高原地带地理特征奇特,文化也与众不同;紧接着第三句话说到:这里并无意采用孟德斯鸠“气候和土壤决定文化”的观点,所以我们可以看出孟德斯鸠所持的是一种环境决定论,认为外部环境决定人文风气。故答案为C 。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/tX2K777K
0
专业英语四级
相关试题推荐
Peoplehavebeenpaintingpicturesforatleast30,000years.Theearliestpictureswerepaintedbypeoplewhohuntedanimals.T
Themorningclass______over,studentsrushedOutoftheclassroomforlunch.
Thishousewillprobablycomeonthe______nextmonth.
AlthoughIspoketoheraboutthematterseveraltimes,shetooklittle______ofwhatIsaid.
InMexico,PresidentVicenteFoxismakinganefforttocalmprotestsinthefarmingsectorthroughadialoguewiththegovernme
Nowadaysgroupsofscientificworkers,often【C1】______bytheirgovernments,spendtheirtime【C2】______theoccurrenceofearthq
Whenyouthinkofthetremendoustechnologicalprogresswehavemade,it’samazinghowlittlewehavedevelopedinotherrespect
PaulMcCartneyplannedtotourBritainwithhisseriesofconcertsfor
Thesailorrepliedinatoneasangrilyas______,thathehadlosthislegabroadindefenceofthosewhodidnothingathome.
Mymanagermadeabrilliantdecision.Idon’tknowwhatIwouldhavedoneifI______tomakethatdecision.
随机试题
富有竞争性、敌对性,有很强的时间紧迫感,这主要是()的特点。
A.大汗淋漓,四肢厥冷,面色苍白,神情淡漠,呼吸微弱,脉微欲绝B.形体消瘦,五心烦热,颧红盗汗,口燥咽干,皮肤干燥,脉象细数C.身热大汗,汗热质黏,面色潮红,躁扰不安,渴喜冷饮,脉细数疾D.高热肢厥,神识昏沉,胸腹灼热,口渴喜饮,面色紫暗,脉沉有力
女,44岁。左乳房外上象限4cm×3cm肿块,距乳头距离5cm,可推动,但是患者双手叉腰时肿块活动度明显受限,左腋窝未扪及肿大淋巴结。该患者若确诊为乳腺癌,最佳的手术方式是()
根据《中华人民共和国广告法》,可做广告的药品是
设直线的方程为,则直线()。
建筑工程施工总承包二级企业的技术负责人除满足工作经历的要求外,应具有结构工程专业()执业资格。
当钢筋混凝土构件按最小配筋率配筋时,其钢筋代换的原则是()代换。
我国的人民币制度属于()。
关于稳定型心绞痛的发病机制。下列哪一种提法正确
下列关于无线局域网802.1l标准的描述中,错误的是()。
最新回复
(
0
)