首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Whenever two or more unusual traits or situations are found in the same place, it is tempting to look for more than a coincident
Whenever two or more unusual traits or situations are found in the same place, it is tempting to look for more than a coincident
admin
2010-04-24
56
问题
Whenever two or more unusual traits or situations are found in the same place, it is tempting to look for more than a coincidental relationship between them. The high Himalayas and the Tibetan plateau certainly have extraordinary physical characteristics and the cultures that are found there are also unusual, though not unique. However there is no intention of adopting Montesquieu’s view of climate and soil as cultural determents. The ecology of a region merely poses some of the problems faced by the inhabitants of the region, and while the problems facing a culture are important to its development, they do not determine it.
The appearance of the Himalayas during the late Tertiary Period and the accompanying further raising of the previously established rages had a marked effect on the climate of the region. Primarily, of course, it blocked the Indian monsoon from reaching Central Asia at all. Secondly, air and moisture from other directions were also reduced.
Prior to the raising of the Himalayas, the land now forming the Tibetan uplands had a dry, continental climate with vegetation and animal’s life similar to that of much of the rest of the region on the same parallel, but somewhat different from that of the areas farther north, which were already drier. With the coming of the Himalayas and the relatively sudden drying out of the region, there was a severe thinning out of the animal and plant population. The ensuing incomplete Pleistocene glaciations had a further thinning effect, but significantly did not wipe out life in the area. Thus after the end of the glaciations there were only a few varieties of life extant from the original continental species. Isolated by the Kunlun range from the Tarim basin and Turfan depression, species that bad already adapted to the dry steppe climate, and would otherwise have been expected to flourish in Tibetan, the remaining native fauna and flora multi-plied. Armand described the Tibetan fauna as not having great variety, but being "striking" in the abundance of the particular species that are present. The plant life is similarly limited in variety, with some observers finding no more than seventy varieties of plants in even the relatively fertile Eastern Tibetan valleys, with fewer than ten food crops. Tibetan "tea" is a major staple, perhaps replacing the unavailable vegetables.
The difficulties of living in an environment at once dry and cold, and populated with species more usually found in more hospitable climates, are great. These difficulties may well have influenced the unusual polyandrous societies typical of the region. Lattimore sees the maintenance of multi-husband house-holds as being preserved from earlier forms by the harsh conditions of the Tibetan uplands, which permitted no experimentation and "froze" the cultures that came there. Kawakiwa, on the other hand, sees the polyandry as a way of easily permitting the best householder to become the head husband regardless of age. His detailed studies of the Bhotea village of Tsumje do seem to support this idea of polyandry as a method of talent mobility in a situation where even the best talent is barely enough for survival.
In sum, though arguments can be made that a pre-existing polyandrous system was strengthened and preserved (insofar as it has been) by the rigors of the land, it would certainly be an overstatement to lay causative factors of any stronger nature to the ecological influences in this case.
According to the passage, which of the following would probably be the most agreeable to Montesquieu?
选项
A、All regions have different soils and thus, different cultures.
B、Some regions with similar climates will have similar culture.
C、Cultures in the same area, sharing soil and climate, will be essentially identical.
D、The plants of a country, by being the food of its people, cause the people to have similar views to one another.
答案
C
解析
事实细节题。根据第一段第二话写到:喜马拉雅山和青藏高原地带地理特征奇特,文化也与众不同;紧接着第三句话说到:这里并无意采用孟德斯鸠“气候和土壤决定文化”的观点,所以我们可以看出孟德斯鸠所持的是一种环境决定论,认为外部环境决定人文风气。故答案为C 。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/tX2K777K
0
专业英语四级
相关试题推荐
EverypeoplehasitsownspecialwordsandexpressionsliketheAmericanexpression"onthewagon".Itmeansapersonwhonolon
Mybrotherhasdecidedtobecomeapoliceman,________whatmay.
TherearefewstrangeralliancesinAmerica’sculturewarsthantheonebetweennativistsandmulticulturalistsonthesubjecto
Gettysburgwasthe______ofthemostimportantbattleinAmericanCivilWar.
InMexico,PresidentVicenteFoxismakinganefforttocalmprotestsinthefarmingsectorthroughadialoguewiththegovernme
AccordingtoPakistaniPresident,thechancesofthetwocountriesgoingtowarwere______
Nutritionist’sAdviceEatingcorrectlyinyour20sand30scanbeamatterofvisualaesthetics,ratherthanatiresomeexe
Whenyouthinkofthetremendoustechnologicalprogresswehavemade,it’samazinghowlittlewehavedevelopedinotherrespect
SomesayTVmakesitpossibleforustoknowalmosteverythingthatishappeningintheworldwithoutsteppingoutofourownho
ThemachinewhichweboughtfromtheUnitedStatesseveralyearsagoneeded.
随机试题
血瘀型产后腹痛的主要治法是( )。
根据《中华人民共和国防洪法》规定,工程设施建设严重影响防洪,逾期不拆除的,行政主管部门强行拆除,所需费用由建设单位承担。行政机关的这种做法属于下列哪个选项的行为?()
背景某建筑工程,建筑面积35000m2;地下2层,地上25层,筏板基础,钢筋混凝土剪力墙结构。室内隔墙采用加气混凝土砌块。建设单位依法选择了施工总承包单位,签订了施工总承包合同。合同约定:室内墙体等部分材料由建设单位采购;建设单位同意施工总承包单位将部分
下列四种软件中,属于系统软件的是()。
下列关于上市公司股份锁定期的说法正确的是()。[2008年真题]Ⅰ.控股股东持有的首次公开发行股票前已发行股份,应锁定36个月Ⅱ.外国战略投资者取得的上市公司A股股份,应锁定36个月Ⅲ.境内战略投资者认购上市公司非公开发行的股份,
关于国际税收的中性原则的陈述,不正确的是( )。
并发请求过程中服务器的处理方案及建立传输连接的过程有哪些?
曲线y=x2,x=y2所围成的图形绕x轴旋转而成的旋转体的体积为().
Thesimpleperceptionofnaturalformsisadelight.(46)Theinfluenceoftheformsandactionsinnatureissoneedfultoman,
A、Teachersworkinginthesamecity.B、Professorsattendingthesameseminar.C、Colleaguesworkingforthesamegovernmentagenc
最新回复
(
0
)