2. 外语
  3. (1) The number of women directors appointed to corporate boards in the United States has increased dramatically, but the ratio o

(1) The number of women directors appointed to corporate boards in the United States has increased dramatically, but the ratio o

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问题     (1) The number of women directors appointed to corporate boards in the United States has increased dramatically, but the ratio of female to male directors remains low. Although pressure to recruit women directors, unlike that to employ women in the general work force, does not derive from legislation, it is nevertheless real. Although small companies were the first to have women directors, large corporations currently have a higher percentage of women on their boards. When the chairs of these large corporations began recruiting women to serve on boards, they initially sought women who were chief executive officers (CEOs) of large corporations. However, such women CEOs are still rare. In addition, the ideal of six CEOs (female or male) serving on the board of each of the largest corporations is realizable only if every CEO serves on six boards. This raises the specter of director over commitment and the resultant dilution of contribution. Consequently, the chairs next sought women in business who had the equivalent of CEO experience. However, since it is only recently that large numbers of women have begun to rise in management, the chairs began to recruit women of high achievement outside the business world. Many such women are well known for their contributions in government, education, and the nonprofit sector. The fact that the women from these sectors who were appointed were often acquaintances of the boards’ chairs seems quite reasonable: chairs have always considered it important for directors to interact comfortably in the boardroom.
    (2) Although many successful women from outside the business world are unknown to corporate leaders, these women are particularly qualified to serve on boards because of the changing nature of corporations. Today a company’s ability to be responsive to the concerns of the community and the environment can influence that company’s growth and survival. Women are uniquely positioned to be responsive to some of these concerns. Although conditions have changed, it should be remembered that most directors of both sexes are over fifty years old. Women of that generation were often encouraged to direct their attention toward efforts to improve the community. This fact is reflected in the career development of most of the outstandingly successful women of the generation now in their fifties, who currently serve on corporate boards: 25 percent are in education and 22 percent are in government, law, and the nonprofit sector.
    (3) One organization of women directors is helping business become more responsive to the changing needs of society by raising the level of corporate awareness about social issues, such as problems with the economy, government regulation, the aging population, and the environment. This organization also serves as a resource center of information on accomplished women who are potential candidates for corporate boards.
Compared with modern corporations, the corporations of the past were less concerned about________.
选项 A、the world outside their business
B、women’s liberation movements
C、the qualifications of the management
D、the needs of community and environment
答案D
解析 推理题。从第2段首句末的the changing nature of corporations及第2句句首的today可以推断，第2句所说的内容就是过去的公司比较少关心的问题，由此可见，选项D为本题答案。原文只有第2段开头两句涉及了现在的公司和过去的公司的对比，因此其他三个选项都是无中生有。没有原文依据。其中选项B提到了妇女，似乎和文章的主题有点关系。但文章并没有涉及妇女解放运动。选项B将问题过于严重化了。
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