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  3. School uniforms are common in primary and secondary schools in many nations. The efficiency of uniforms, in improving academic p

School uniforms are common in primary and secondary schools in many nations. The efficiency of uniforms, in improving academic p

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问题     School uniforms are common in primary and secondary schools in many nations. The efficiency of uniforms, in improving academic performance and student attitudes, is often debated. Some people maintain that school uniforms are necessary and helpful, whereas some research indicates that student uniforms have no direct effect on behavioral problems or attendance. What do you think? Write an essay of about 400 words on the following topic:
            Should Schools Require Their Students to Wear School Uniforms?
    In the first part of your essay you should state clearly your main argument, and in the second part you should support your argument with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary.
    Marks will he awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.
    Write your essay on ANSWER SHEET FOUR.
选项
答案 Should Schools Require Their Students to Wear School Uniforms? Love it or loathe it, school uniforms are a part of growing up for countless children around the world. In an era of pursuing fashion, lots of teenagers may think that uniforms are ugly and unfit. Yet in my opinion, the advantages of school uniforms outweigh its disadvantages. Therefore, schools, especially elementary and middle schools, should require their students to wear uniforms. It is admitted that a safe and disciplined learning environment is the first requirement of a good school. School uniforms are one positive and creative way to achieve this kind of environment. School uniforms help students be aware of their identity of being a student, and thus help to create a strong sense of school ethos and a sense of belonging to a particular community. As such they help to cultivate conformity in student attitudes and drive up academic standards. Uniforms, besides, act as a kind of social leveler, under which all students are equal in the eyes of the school and of each other. In institutions without uniforms students are often competitive and worry endlessly about their appearance and the clothes they should wear. Pupils without expensive clothes may be singled out as social outcasts, or laughed at as being from poor backgrounds. For these reasons many parents prefer uniforms as they save them money on buying clothes for school wear. In addition, uniforms make it easy to check that every student maintains a smart appearance and is dressed appropriately for their classes. In schools where students are allowed to dress as they like, a constant battle has to be fought by staff to ensure that what the students choose to wear is not inappropriate, not too revealing, and not with offensive slogans, etc. Furthermore, uniforms have practical benefits when students are outside the school building. Being readily identified with a particular institution may make students more aware of their behavior while traveling to and from the school, leading them to act more considerately, e.g. offering seats to other passengers on buses or trains. On organized trips away from the school it is much easier for teachers to ensure they haven’t lost anyone and to monitor behavior, than if students wear their own clothes and blend in with the crowds. On all accounts, school uniforms provide quite a few advantages to schools as well as to students themselves. It is essential for schools to require their students to wear uniforms.
解析     这篇议论文要求考生就学校是否应该要求学生穿校服提出自己的观点，根据题目要求，文章的结构可安排如下：
    第一部分(首段)首先指出在追求时尚风气下，学生不喜欢穿校服，然后作者表明穿校服实际上是利大于弊。
    第二部分分三个段落具体分析学生穿校服的好处：
    1．穿校服可以有助于增强学生的使命感，从而营造良好的校风校纪：
    2．穿校服可以避免学生产生阶级对比和一些校内不适当的着装。
    3．穿校服可以警惕学生的校外行为，并在进行校外活动时方便校方统一管理。
    第三部分(末段)总结全文，重申学校要求学生穿校服对学校本身和学生都有好处。
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