首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Imagine taking a university exam in your own home, under the watchful eye of a webcam or with software profiling your keystrokes
Imagine taking a university exam in your own home, under the watchful eye of a webcam or with software profiling your keystrokes
admin
2015-10-21
72
问题
Imagine taking a university exam in your own home, under the watchful eye of a webcam or with software profiling your keystrokes or your syntax to see whether it really is you answering the questions. Online university courses have become the Next Big Thing for higher education, particularly in the United States, where millions of students have signed up for courses from some of the most upmarket universities. With spiralling costs and student loan debts crossing the trillion dollar barrier this year, the online university has been seen as a way of reaching many more people for much less money. But a major stumbling block has been how such digital courses are assessed. When students are at home how do you know whether they are cheating? How do you know the identity of the person answering the questions? For the online courses to gain value, they need a credible way of assessing students and an important part of that is preventing fraud.
The Open University in the U. K. has been a pioneer of distance learning. "It’s a common problem across the sector—how do you know that the individual taking the exam is the right person?" says Peter Taylor, chair of the Open University’s academic conduct group. "The student’s computer would be locked down so that it can’t use other materials. If you’ve got an appropriate webcam—that can provide you with effective invigilation. " says Prof. Taylor. This still raises the question about how you know who is sitting the exam. "There are various ways you can identify a person," says Prof. Taylor. "One system we looked at meant that you had to type in a particular phrase—and the rate and the particular way you type is effectively a signature of the individual. " These are not distant-horizon ideas—Prof. Taylor says he would expect such technology to be in place within the next five years. He also says that there is no reason to think more people would necessarily cheat online.
EdX, an online university project set up earlier this year by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, wants to make more use of the exam hall rather than less. Students taking edX online courses will be able to sit their final exams in an international network of test centres, run by Pearson Vue. These will be formally supervised on-screen exams, using the edX website, and those who pass will receive a "proctored certificate" , showing it has been achieved in an invigilated setting. Such online testing techniques are going to have an impact on the traditional university course too, he says.
But this volume of testing depends on automated marking—and will mean a limit on the range of subjects and type of questions that can be examined. A computer is going to struggle to mark an essay on irony. That’s the challenge for another of the most significant online course providers, Coursera, set up by Stanford academics and backed by Silicon Valley investors. It has attracted students remarkably quickly—1.6 million have signed up in the first year, taking courses from more than 30 top universities. When the University of London’s international section joined last month, 9,000 students signed up in the first 24 hours.
But how can such large numbers of candidates be reliably marked? Coursera’s co-founder Daphne Koller says trying to find a way to assess so many students is " part of the learning process". She says automatic marking can generate a score or a grade, but students want human feedback. And there isn’t any technology that can judge whether an essay has really connected with a question. The Open University’s Prof. Taylor says their own experiments have shown that any software for assessing free-text answers requires a large amount of human intervention. Coursera has been experimenting with peer assessment, where students grade each other’s work, following guidelines set by the teacher. This allows for the marking capacity to grow with the class size—but it also depends on the reliability of fellow students. These online courses are also being discussed online—and blogs from students refer to disagreements over marking.
Martin Bean, vice chancellor of the Open University, said: "There is no doubt that this is the ’web moment’ for higher education and a battle is shaping up for growing student numbers on global courses online. However this is a battle which will be about brands and the market ability of the providers but also, crucially, about quality of teaching and credibility. "
Which of the following best describes the author’s development of the passage?
选项
A、Introducing the issue→listing possible solutions→making the closing statement.
B、Raising the topic→giving supportive details→drawing up the conclusion.
C、Introducing the issue→providing controversial opinions→making the closing statement.
D、Describing the actual status→putting forward the question→giving practical answers.
答案
A
解析
篇章题。文章第一段由网上大学课程注册人数迅速上升引出问题:进行评估时怎样避免作弊;接下来第二段介绍了英国开放大学所采取的措施;第三段讲述了美国EdX的应对办法;第四、五段讲述了Coursera所引入的同学互评的方法;最后一段进行总结,说明确保考试评估的信誉是网络教学的重中之重。因此,文章整体是按照“引入话题→介绍解决方案→总结陈词”这样的结构来进行的,故[A]为正确答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/uFKO777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
Theword"orator"originallymeantspeaker;butnowitsignifiesthepersonwhomakesspeech.Thisisanexampleof______.
GovernmentsAreTryingA1990UnitedNationssurveyrevealedthatthemorehighlydevelopedcountriesspendanaverageof2t
Oneofthefirstthingsthatshouldstrikeanyhalfobservantparentisthespeedandapparentaccuracyinwhichachildproceed
TheLoveSongofJ.AlfredPrufrockwaswrittenby______.
EffectiveNote-takingThedifficultyoftakingnotes:Note-takingrequiresahighlevelofabilityduetothe【B1】______ofsp
Speakers’Comerlocatedin______,wherespeakercandelivertheireloquentspeech.
AnavidBushsupporterwhoalreadyhas25shoppingmallstohisname,Congelhimselfisnotamanyouwouldexpecttoentertain
HowtoUsetheLibraryThebooksinalibrarycanbeclassifiedundertwomain【1】—fictionandnonfiction.Whendoingresearch
Hawthornegenerallyconcernedhimselfwithsuchissuesas______inhisfictions.
Scientistsalreadyknewthatbilingualyoungadultsandchildrenperformbetterontasksdictatedbythebrain’sexecutivecontr
随机试题
在软件开发中,需求分析阶段可以使用的工具是()。
社会保险基金与商业保险公司的保险基金的区别在于()
利用拉格朗日中值定理证明:当x>1时,ex>ex.
应取的背俞穴是:照俞募配穴原则,与其俞穴相配的募穴是:
A.金黄色葡萄球菌脑膜炎B.流感嗜血杆菌性脑膜炎C.肺炎链球菌脑膜炎D.脑膜炎双球菌性脑膜炎E.铜绿假单胞菌脑膜炎
下列属于土地增值税征税范围的是()。
投资决策中的现金指的是库存现金、银行存款等货币性资产,与非货币性资产无关。()
下边这两套图形具有某种相似性,也存在某种差异。请从所给的四个选项中,选出取代问号的一个,使得两套图表现出最大的相似性,并使得第二套图也表现出自己的特征()
A、 B、 C、 D、 C第一行,灰色阴影每次逆时针移动一格,黑色阴影每次顺时针移动两格得到下一个图形,灰色阴影和黑色阴影重叠时为白色。第二行,灰色阴影每次逆时针移动两格,黑色阴影每次顺时针移动四格。第三行,
2008年12月27日-28日,中央农村工作会议在京举行。会议指出2009年农业农村工作要把()作为首要任务。
最新回复
(
0
)