首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The start of the automobile’s history went all the way back to 1769 when automobiles running on the steam engine were invented a
The start of the automobile’s history went all the way back to 1769 when automobiles running on the steam engine were invented a
admin
2022-01-29
67
问题
The start of the automobile’s history went all the way back to 1769 when automobiles running on the steam engine were invented as carriers for human transport. In 1806, the first batch of cars powered by an internal combustion engine came into being, which pioneered the introduction of the widespread modern petrol-fueled internal combustion engine in 1885.
It is generally acknowledged that the first practical automobiles equipped with petrol/gasoline-powered internal combustion engines were invented almost at the same time by different German inventors who were working on their own. Karl Benz first built the automobile in 1885 in Mannheim. Benz attained a patent for his invention on 29 January 1886, and in 1888, he started to produce automobiles in a company that later became the renowned Mercedes-Benz.
As this century began, the automobile industry marched into the transportation market for the wealth. Drivers at that time were an adventurous bunch; they would go out regardless of the weather condition even if they weren’t even protected by an enclosed body or a convertible top. Everybody in the community knew who owned what car, and cars immediately became a symbol of identity and status. Later, cars became more popular among the public since it allowed people to travel whenever and wherever they wanted. Thus, the price of automobiles in Europe and North America kept dropping, and more people from the middle class could afford them. This was especially attributed to Henry Ford who did two crucial things. First, he set the price as reasonable as possible for his cars; second, he paid his employees enough salaries so that they could afford the cars made by their very own hands.
The trend of interchangeable parts and mass production in an assembly line style had been led by America, and from 1914, this concept was significantly reinforced by Henry Ford. This large-scale, production-line manufacture of affordable automobiles was debuted. A Ford car would come off all assembled from the line every 15 minutes, an interval shorter than any of the former methods. Not only did it raise productivity, but also cut down on the requirement for manpower. Ford significantly lowered the chance of injury by carrying out complicated safety procedures in production—particularly assigning workers to specific locations rather than giving them the freedom to wander around. This mixture of high wages and high efficiency was known as Fordism, which provided a valuable lesson for most major industries.
The first Jeep automobile that came out as the prototype Bantam BRC was the primary light 4-wheel-drive automobile of the U.S. Army and Allies, and during World War II and the postwar period, its sale skyrocketed. Since then, plenty of Jeep derivatives with similar military and civilian functions have been created and kept upgraded in terms of overall performance in other nations.
Through all the 1950s, engine power and automobile rates grew higher, designs evolved into a more integrated and artful form, and cars were spreading globally. In the 1960s, the landscape changed as Detroit was confronted with foreign competition. The European manufacturers used the latest technology, and Japan came into the picture as a dedicated car-making country. General Motors, Chrysler, and Ford dabbled with radical tiny cars such as the GM A-bodies with little success. As joint ventures such as the British Motor Corporation unified the market, captive imports and badge imports swept all over the US and the UK. BMC first launched a revolutionary space-friendly Mini in 1959, which turned out to harvest large global sales. Previously remaining under the Austin and Morris names, Mini later became an individual marque in 1969. The trend of corporate consolidation landed in Italy when niche makers such as Maserati, Ferrari, and Lancia were bought by larger enterprises. By the end of the 20th century, there had been a sharp fall in the number of automobile marques.
In the US, car performance dominated marketing, justified by the typical cases of pony cars and muscle cars. However, in the 1970s, everything changed as the American automobile industry suffered from the 1973 oil crisis, competition with Japanese and European imports, automobile emission-control regulations, and moribund innovation. The irony in all this was that full-size sedans such as Cadillac and Lincoln scored a huge comeback between the years of economic crisis.
In terms of technology, the most mentionable developments that postwar era had seen were the widespread use of independent suspensions, broader application of fuel injection, and a growing emphasis on safety in automobile design. Mazda achieved many triumphs with its engine firstly installed in the fore-wheel, though it gained itself a reputation as a gas-guzzler.
The modern era also has witnessed a sharp elevation of fuel power in the modern engine management system with the help of the computer. Nowadays, most automobiles in use are powered by an internal combustion engine, fueled by gasoline or diesel. Toxic gas from both fuels is known to pollute the air and is responsible for climate change as well as global warming.
Look at the following descriptions and the list of automobile brands below.
Match each description with the correct automobile brand, A-G
Write the correct letter, A-G, in boxes on your answer sheet.
List of Automobile Brands
A. Ford
B. the BMC Mini
C. Cadillac and Lincoln
D. Mercedes Benz
E. Mazda
F. Jeep
G. Maserati, Ferrari, and Lancia
installed its engine on the front wheel for the first time
选项
答案
E
解析
第一次将引擎安装在前轮上。关键词engine on the front wheel。Mazda出现于第8段的最后1句。其中with its engine firstly installed in the fore wheel对应本题的关键信息installed its engine on the front wheel for the first time。因此,本题的答案为E。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/uIAO777K
本试题收录于:
雅思阅读题库雅思(IELTS)分类
0
雅思阅读
雅思(IELTS)
相关试题推荐
Giventhecontextofsocialchangeintheearly1960s,Negrohistorywasnowtheobjectofunprecedentedattentionamo
UnlikethecarefullyweightedandplannedcompositionsofDante,Goethe’swritingshavealwaysthesenseofimmediacyan
Duringthe1930sNationalAssociationfortheAdvancementofColoredPeople(NAACP)attor-neysCharlesH.Houston,Wi
Despitetheubiquityofcomputertechnology,mostpeopleareunawarethatLinecomputersexistintwomutuallyexclusive,disti
ElementsofthePhilosophyofNewton,publishedbyVoltairein1738,wasanearlyattempttopopularizethescientificideasof
Theconditionofscholarshipdevotedtothehistoryofwomeninphotographyisconfounding.Recentyearshavewitnessedthepost
Themassiveinfluxofwomencyclists—makingupatleastathirdofthetotalmarket—wasperhapsthemoststrikingandprofound
Theonly______ontheflatdesertlandscapewastheoccasionalrockoutcropjuttingskyward.
IntheredNamibiandesertofDemarala,about100blackrhinosstillmanageto(i)______eventhoughtheterrainisextraordinari
Therecentlyannounceddiscoveryofthefirstknownplanetorbitingapulsar(theultradense,pulsatingremnantoffthesupernov
随机试题
(2010年10月)最早提出一切政体都具有三种机能,即议事机能、行政机能、审判机能的是________。
可长期用于类风湿性关节炎治疗的药物是
患者,女,62岁,患萎缩性阴道炎,入院后询问护士发病原因,护士告知患者是影响阴道自净作用的激素下降,这个激素是
某住宅楼建于2000年,目前各类设施设备完好,能保证安全正常的居住使用。该住宅楼的供水管网分为上下两个区,下区由室外配水管网直接供水,上区由水泵加压和设备层设施转换后供水。该住宅楼的设备层设在10层,层高2m,面积为200m2。该住宅楼设备层的面积(
某厂房柱基础建于如图所示的地基上,基础底面尺寸为l=2.5m,b=5.0m,基础埋深为室外地坪下1.4m,相应荷载效应标准组合时基础底面平均压力Pk=145kPa,对软弱下卧层②进行验算,其结果应符合()。
某工业企业2019年3月1日转让其位于县城的一栋办公楼,取得不含税销售收入12000万元。2008年建造该办公楼时,为取得土地使用权支付金额3000万元,发生建造成本4000万元。转让时经政府批准的房地产评估机构评估后,确定该办公楼的重置成本价为8
中国古代地名中的“阴”“阳”往往体现了该地与相邻山、水的关系。“阴”的方位是()
在我国的“分税制”财政管理体制中,中央与地方共享的收入主要包括增值税、营业税等。()
某市人民政府实施国家重点项目占用某县农民土地,市政府给予农民各种补偿费用和安置费,并安置多余劳动力,此行为属于()。
从所给的四个选项中,选择最合适的一个填入问号处,使之呈现一定的规律性:
最新回复
(
0
)